Clevenger Kimberly A, McNarry Melitta A, Mackintosh Kelly A, Berrigan David
Health Behaviors Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD,USA.
Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea,United Kingdom.
Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2022 Sep 23;35(2):99-106. doi: 10.1123/pes.2021-0190. Print 2023 May 1.
To identify associations between amount of school recess provision and children's physical activity (PA), weight status, adiposity, cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, and muscular endurance.
Data from 6- to 11-year-old participants (n = 499) in the 2012 National Youth Fitness Survey were analyzed. Parents/guardians reported children's PA levels and recess provision, categorized as no/minimal (9.0%), low (26.1%), medium (46.0%), or high (18.9%). Children wore a wrist-worn accelerometer for 7 days and completed anthropometric measurements. Fitness was assessed using grip strength and treadmill, pull-up, and plank tests. Cross-sectional linear and logistic regression compared outcomes across levels of recess provision adjusting for the survey's complex sampling design.
Children with high provision of recess were 2.31 times more likely to meet PA guidelines according to parent report than those with no/minimal recess. Accelerometer-measured PA followed a more U-shaped pattern, wherein PA was higher in children with high, compared to low, recess provision but comparable to those with no/minimal recess provision. There were no associations with weight status, adiposity, or fitness.
Current recess recommendations (20 min·d-1) may be insufficient as 30 minutes per day of recess was associated with a 2-fold greater likelihood of achieving recommended PA levels. Additional research on recess quantity and quality is needed.
确定学校课间休息时长与儿童身体活动（PA）、体重状况、肥胖程度、心肺耐力、肌肉力量和肌肉耐力之间的关联。
分析了2012年全国青少年体能调查中6至11岁参与者（n = 499）的数据。父母/监护人报告了儿童的身体活动水平和课间休息时长，分为无/极少（9.0%）、低（26.1%）、中（46.0%）或高（18.9%）。儿童佩戴腕式加速度计7天，并完成人体测量。使用握力、跑步机、引体向上和平板支撑测试评估体能。横断面线性和逻辑回归比较了课间休息时长不同水平下的结果，并针对调查的复杂抽样设计进行了调整。
根据家长报告，课间休息时间充足的儿童达到身体活动指南要求的可能性是课间休息无/极少的儿童的2.31倍。加速度计测量的身体活动呈现出更明显的U形模式，即课间休息时间充足的儿童的身体活动水平高于课间休息时间少的儿童，但与课间休息无/极少的儿童相当。与体重状况、肥胖程度或体能没有关联。
目前的课间休息建议（每天20分钟）可能不够，因为每天30分钟的课间休息与达到推荐身体活动水平的可能性高出两倍有关。需要对课间休息的数量和质量进行更多研究。
