Department of Psychology, University Commons 1000, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36608, United States of America.
Department of Counseling and Instructional Sciences, University Commons 3800, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, United States of America.
J Prof Nurs. 2022 Sep-Oct;42:290-300. doi: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2022.07.017. Epub 2022 Aug 10.
Although nursing students are educated on the importance of exercising regularly and maintaining a well-balanced diet, many do not practice healthy weight management behaviors, and some even use unhealthy weight loss methods. Yet, little research has examined both positive and negative psychosocial variables related to weight control among nursing students.
The present study aimed to identify the most salient psychosocial variables related to healthy and unhealthy weight control among nursing students.
Using survey data from 241 nursing students, structural equation modeling was conducted to examine the relative contributions of eight interrelated psychosocial variables, including constructs from a strengths perspective (health-specific hope, health self-efficacy, social support, and body satisfaction) and from a deficit perspective (depression, anxiety, weight perception, and barriers to physical activity).
Results showed that the degree to which individuals perceive themselves to be overweight was related to both healthy and unhealthy weight control. Aside from weight perception, health self-efficacy produced the strongest association with healthy weight control, and anxiety produced the strongest association with unhealthy weight control. The structural model explained 23 % of the variance in healthy weight control and 29 % of the variance in unhealthy weight control.
These findings emphasize the need for tailored, integrated weight management interventions for nursing students that equip them with effective anxiety management skills and build self-efficacy.
尽管护理专业的学生接受过定期锻炼和保持均衡饮食的重要性教育，但许多人并没有养成健康的体重管理行为，甚至有些学生采用不健康的减肥方法。然而，很少有研究关注与护理学生体重控制相关的积极和消极心理社会变量。
本研究旨在确定与护理学生健康和不健康体重控制相关的最显著心理社会变量。
本研究使用了 241 名护理专业学生的调查数据，采用结构方程模型检验了 8 个相互关联的心理社会变量的相对贡献，这些变量包括从优势视角（特定健康希望、健康自我效能、社会支持和身体满意度）和从缺陷视角（抑郁、焦虑、体重感知和身体活动障碍）得出的结构。
结果表明，个体对自己超重的感知程度与健康和不健康的体重控制都有关。除了体重感知外，健康自我效能与健康体重控制的关联最强，而焦虑与不健康体重控制的关联最强。该结构模型解释了健康体重控制的 23%和不健康体重控制的 29%的方差。
这些发现强调了需要为护理学生提供量身定制的综合体重管理干预措施，使他们具备有效的焦虑管理技能并增强自我效能。
