Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; School of Nursing, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China.
Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
J Prof Nurs. 2022 Sep-Oct;42:58-66. doi: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2022.06.003. Epub 2022 Jun 9.
The career maturity of nursing students has an influence on their individual career choices and their personal career development trajectory. Psychological resilience and a positive professional self-concept might help students adjust and adapt to their nursing careers. Therefore, there is a growing need to assess and develop these psychological concepts among nursing students.
This study aimed to determine the levels of career maturity, psychological resilience, and professional self-concept among Chinese senior nursing students as well as to examine the relationships between the variables.
A cross-sectional survey was carried out across six undergraduate medical colleges in China from May to August 2021. A total of 1223 full-time final year undergraduate nursing students who fulfilled the study criteria were recruited using the universal sampling method. Self-administered questionnaires including the Career Maturity Scale (CMS), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-2 (CD-RISC2), and Professional Self-Concept of Nurses Instrument (PSCNI) were used for data collection. For results reporting, the study complied with the STROBE checklist.
The participants' career maturity, professional self-concept, and psychological resilience were found to be at moderate levels. Experience of being a class leader and actively choosing a nursing major were factors that had significant influence on students' career maturity, professional self-concept, and psychological resilience. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed career maturity to be closely related to professional self-concept and psychological resilience (p < 0.01). Results of structural equation modelling analyses revealed a good fit to the data based on various fit indices (χ/df = 6.18, GFI = 0.926, CFI = 0.915, IFI = 0.957, RMSEA = 0.058). Nursing students with positive professional self-concepts demonstrated higher psychological resilience, which in turn influenced their career maturity.
The results of this study provide the initial indications for an extended career maturity model. A positive professional self-concept and psychological resilience has the potential to improve the career maturity of nursing students. The study findings provide a basis for nursing educators to focus on improving the professional self-concept and psychological resilience of nursing students.
护理学生的职业成熟度会影响他们的个人职业选择和个人职业发展轨迹。心理弹性和积极的职业自我概念可能有助于学生适应他们的护理职业。因此，越来越需要评估和培养护理学生的这些心理概念。
本研究旨在确定中国高年级护理学生的职业成熟度、心理弹性和职业自我概念水平，并探讨变量之间的关系。
2021 年 5 月至 8 月，在中国六所本科医学院进行了一项横断面调查。采用普遍抽样法，共招募了 1223 名符合研究标准的全日制应届本科护理专业学生。使用职业成熟度量表（CMS）、Connor-Davidson 韧性量表-2（CD-RISC2）和护士职业自我概念量表（PSCNI）进行数据收集。为了报告结果，本研究符合 STROBE 清单的要求。
研究发现，参与者的职业成熟度、职业自我概念和心理弹性处于中等水平。担任班干部和主动选择护理专业是影响学生职业成熟度、职业自我概念和心理弹性的因素。皮尔逊相关分析显示，职业成熟度与职业自我概念和心理弹性密切相关（p<0.01）。结构方程模型分析的结果基于各种拟合指数显示了良好的数据拟合（χ/df=6.18，GFI=0.926，CFI=0.915，IFI=0.957，RMSEA=0.058）。具有积极职业自我概念的护理学生表现出更高的心理弹性，这反过来又影响了他们的职业成熟度。
本研究结果为扩展职业成熟度模型提供了初步依据。积极的职业自我概念和心理弹性有可能提高护理学生的职业成熟度。研究结果为护理教育者提供了依据，使其能够专注于提高护理学生的职业自我概念和心理弹性。
