Srimongkol Piroonporn, Sangtanoo Papassara, Songserm Pajareeya, Watsuntorn Wannapawn, Karnchanatat Aphichart
Center of Excellence in Bioconversion and Bioseparation for Platform Chemical Production, Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, Thailand.
Panyapiwat Institute of Management Demonstration School, Pakkred, Nonthaburi, Thailand.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022 Sep 7;10:904046. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.904046. eCollection 2022.
Over the last several decades, concerns about climate change and pollution due to human activity has gained widespread attention. Microalgae have been proposed as a suitable biological platform to reduce carbon dioxide, a major greenhouse gas, while also creating commercial sources of high-value compounds such as medicines, cosmetics, food, feed, and biofuel. Industrialization of microalgae culture and valorization is still limited by significant challenges in scaling up the production processes due to economic constraints and productivity capacities. Therefore, a boost in resource usage efficiency is required. This enhancement not only lowers manufacturing costs but also enhancing the long-term viability of microalgae-based products. Using wastewater as a nutrient source is a great way to reduce manufacturing costs. Furthermore, water scarcity is one of the most important global challenges. In recent decades, industrialization, globalization, and population growth have all impacted freshwater resources. Moreover, high amounts of organic and inorganic toxins in the water due to the disposal of waste into rivers can have severe impacts on human and animal health. Microalgae cultures are a sustainable solution to tertiary and quaternary treatments since they have the ability to digest complex contaminants. This review presents biorefineries based on microalgae from all angles, including the potential for environmental pollution remediation as well as applications for bioenergy and value-added biomolecule production. An overview of current information about microalgae-based technology and a discussion of the associated hazards and opportunities for the bioeconomy are highlighted.
在过去几十年里，对气候变化以及人类活动造成的污染的担忧已引起广泛关注。微藻已被提议作为一个合适的生物平台，用于减少主要温室气体二氧化碳，同时还能创造高价值化合物的商业来源，如药品、化妆品、食品、饲料和生物燃料。由于经济限制和生产能力，微藻培养及增值的工业化仍受到扩大生产过程中重大挑战的限制。因此，需要提高资源利用效率。这种提高不仅能降低制造成本，还能增强基于微藻产品的长期可行性。将废水用作营养源是降低制造成本的好方法。此外，水资源短缺是全球最重要的挑战之一。近几十年来，工业化、全球化和人口增长都对淡水资源产生了影响。而且，由于向河流中排放废物导致水中含有大量有机和无机毒素，会对人类和动物健康产生严重影响。微藻培养是三级和四级处理的可持续解决方案，因为它们有能力消化复杂污染物。本综述从各个角度介绍了基于微藻的生物精炼厂，包括环境污染修复的潜力以及生物能源和增值生物分子生产的应用。重点概述了有关基于微藻技术的当前信息，并讨论了生物经济的相关危害和机遇。
