Perumal Sasidharan, Samy MadhanaVigneshwari Gopal, Subramanian Dharaneedharan
Department of Plant Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India.
Department of Zoology, GTN Arts College, Dindigul, India.
Chem Biol Drug Des. 2022 Dec;100(6):1033-1041. doi: 10.1111/cbdd.14146. Epub 2022 Oct 21.
Herbal treatments have been practiced by humans over centuries and therefore possess time-proven safety. However, it is crucial to evaluate the toxic effects of herbal medicine to confirm their safety, particularly when developing therapeutic drugs. Use of laboratory animals such as mice, rat, and rabbits was considered as gold standard in herbal toxicity assessments. However, in the last few decades, the ethical consideration of using higher vertebrates for toxicity testing has become more controversial. As a possible alternative model involving lower vertebrates such as zebra fish were introduced. Hence in the present study, swertiamain compound isolated from E. axillare was assessed for it antimicrobial activity in zebra fish larvae againt S. typhi. The cumulative mortality rate and bacterial localization in zebra fish larvae were studied. Biochemical markers assays were performed to find the preventive role of the compound during the typhoid infection. The results showed that zebra fish can be successfully used as a model to study typhoid infection and the anti-bacterial compound swertiamarin used in this study clears the bacterial load and pathogenic symptoms to a great extent.
几个世纪以来，人类一直在使用草药疗法，因此其安全性经过了时间的验证。然而，评估草药的毒性作用以确认其安全性至关重要，尤其是在开发治疗药物时。在草药毒性评估中，使用小鼠、大鼠和兔子等实验动物被视为金标准。然而，在过去几十年中，使用高等脊椎动物进行毒性测试的伦理考量变得更具争议性。作为一种可能的替代模型，引入了斑马鱼等低等脊椎动物。因此，在本研究中，评估了从腋花獐牙菜中分离出的獐牙菜苷化合物对斑马鱼幼体抗伤寒沙门氏菌的抗菌活性。研究了斑马鱼幼体的累积死亡率和细菌定位。进行了生化标志物检测，以发现该化合物在伤寒感染期间的预防作用。结果表明，斑马鱼可以成功用作研究伤寒感染的模型，本研究中使用的抗菌化合物獐牙菜苦苷在很大程度上清除了细菌载量和致病症状。
