Søndergaard Maja Elisabeth Juul, Lode Kirsten, Husebø Sissel Eikeland, Dalen Ingvild, Kjosavik Svein Reidar
Department of Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, Postboks 8100, 4068, Stavanger, Norway.
Research Group of Nursing and Healthcare Sciences, Stavanger University Hospital, Postboks 8100, 4068, Stavanger, Norway.
BMC Nurs. 2022 Sep 30;21(1):266. doi: 10.1186/s12912-022-01047-1.
Previous studies indicate that men experience frustration and uncertainty when confronted with an elevated prostate specific antigen (PSA) test and during further diagnostics for prostate cancer. The novel Stockholm3 test is an algorithm-based test that combines plasma protein biomarkers, genetic markers and clinical variables in predicting the risk of PCa. The test was introduced in a western part of Norway as a new tool for detecting prostate cancer. This study aimed to explore and compare men's perception of information and possible experience of distress between a PSA group and a Stockholm3 group during the diagnostic phase of prostate cancer.
This study is a part of the trailing research evaluating the impact of the change from PSA to Stockholm3. It is a multicenter study using a comparative mixed method design. Data were collected in a PSA group (n = 130) and a Stockholm3 group (n = 120) between 2017 and 2019. Quantitative data were collected using questionnaires and qualitative data were collected using semi-structured interviews (n = 20). The quantitative and qualitative data were analysed and compared separately and then merged in a side-by-side discussion. The study adheres to the GRAMMS guidelines for reporting mixed-methods research.
Compared with the PSA group, men in the Stockholm3 group reported that the information from the general practitioners was better. Similarly, men in the Stockholm3 group were more likely to indicate that they had received sufficient information regarding how examinations would be conducted. No differences were found between the groups regarding waiting time and distress. Three themes emerged from the qualitative analysis of the two groups: "Information affects the experience of comprehension", "Stepping into the world of the healthcare system", and "Periodically feelings of distress".
The Stockholm3 test may facilitate the provision of information to patients. However, some patients in both groups experienced distress and would benefit from more information and additional support from healthcare professionals. Routines that ensure sufficient information from the interdisciplinary healthcare team should be of priority during the diagnostic phase of prostate cancer in order to provide patients with predictability and to avoid unnecessary distress.
先前的研究表明，男性在面对前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）检测结果升高以及前列腺癌进一步诊断过程中会经历挫折和不确定性。新型的斯德哥尔摩3检测是一种基于算法的检测方法，它结合了血浆蛋白生物标志物、基因标志物和临床变量来预测前列腺癌风险。该检测作为一种检测前列腺癌的新工具在挪威西部引入。本研究旨在探讨和比较前列腺癌诊断阶段PSA检测组和斯德哥尔摩3检测组男性对信息的感知以及可能出现的困扰体验。
本研究是评估从PSA检测转变为斯德哥尔摩3检测影响的追踪研究的一部分。这是一项采用比较混合方法设计的多中心研究。在2017年至2019年期间，在一个PSA检测组（n = 130）和一个斯德哥尔摩3检测组（n = 120）中收集数据。定量数据通过问卷收集，定性数据通过半结构化访谈（n = 20）收集。对定量和定性数据分别进行分析和比较，然后在并排讨论中合并。该研究遵循报告混合方法研究的GRAMMS指南。
与PSA检测组相比，斯德哥尔摩3检测组的男性报告称从全科医生那里获得的信息更好。同样，斯德哥尔摩3检测组的男性更有可能表示他们已收到关于检查将如何进行的充分信息。两组在等待时间和困扰方面未发现差异。对两组的定性分析出现了三个主题：“信息影响理解体验”、“踏入医疗系统的世界”和“周期性困扰感”。
斯德哥尔摩3检测可能有助于向患者提供信息。然而，两组中的一些患者都经历了困扰，并且会从医疗专业人员提供的更多信息和额外支持中受益。在前列腺癌诊断阶段，确保跨学科医疗团队提供充分信息的常规做法应作为优先事项，以便为患者提供可预测性并避免不必要的困扰。
