Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine.
Department of Pediatrics, Kasukabe Medical Center.
Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2022 Nov 15;62(11):521-529. doi: 10.2176/jns-nmc.2022-0105. Epub 2022 Sep 30.
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the longitudinal changes in the cranial shape of healthy Japanese infants using a three-dimensional scanner and construct a normal values database for the growth process. Preterm infants (gestational age < 37 weeks), infants with neonatal asphyxia (5-minute Apgar score of <7), and patients who started helmet therapy for deformational plagiocephaly were excluded from this study. The first scan was performed at approximately 1 month of age, followed by two scans conducted at 3 and 6 months of age. The parameters considered were as follows: cranial length, width, height, circumference, volume, cranial vault asymmetry index, and cephalic index. A cranial vault asymmetry index >5% was defined as deformational plagiocephaly. Changes in each parameter were examined using repeated-measures analysis of variance classified by sex and deformational plagiocephaly status. The rate of increase in each parameter was also examined. In total, 88 infants (45 boys and 43 girls) were included in this study. All growth-related parameters were noted to increase linearly with time. Sex differences were observed in all parameters except cranial length. Deformational plagiocephaly was found to have no effect on growth-related parameters. Cranial volume increased by 60% from 1 to 6 months of age. The growth almost uniformly influenced the rate of increase in volume in each coordinate axis direction. Overall, the mean trends in three-dimensional parameters in infants up to 6 months of age were obtained using a three-dimensional scanner. These trends could be used as a guide by medical professionals involved in cranioplasty.
在这项研究中，我们旨在使用三维扫描仪评估健康日本婴儿头颅形状的纵向变化，并构建生长过程的正常数值数据库。本研究排除了早产儿（胎龄<37 周）、新生儿窒息（5 分钟 Apgar 评分<7）和因颅缝早闭开始头盔治疗的患者。第一次扫描在大约 1 个月大时进行，然后在 3 个月和 6 个月时进行两次扫描。考虑的参数如下：颅长、颅宽、颅高、周长、体积、颅穹窿不对称指数和头指数。颅穹窿不对称指数>5%定义为偏头畸形。使用性别和偏头畸形状态分类的重复测量方差分析检查每个参数的变化。还检查了每个参数的增长率。本研究共纳入 88 名婴儿（45 名男婴和 43 名女婴）。所有与生长相关的参数均随时间呈线性增加。除颅长外，所有参数均存在性别差异。偏头畸形对与生长相关的参数没有影响。颅体积从 1 个月到 6 个月增加了 60%。生长几乎均匀地影响每个坐标轴向体积增加的速度。总体而言，使用三维扫描仪获得了 6 个月以下婴儿的三维参数的平均趋势。这些趋势可作为参与颅骨成形术的医务人员的指南。
