Chen Hongkui, Zheng Min, Zhang Wenhui, Long Yuan, Xu Yu, Yuan Man
Shanghai Lidebiotech Co. Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China.
School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Sep 21;2022:6404853. doi: 10.1155/2022/6404853. eCollection 2022.
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is known as one of the most lethal cancers, causing more than 1 million deaths annually worldwide. Therefore, the development of novel therapeutic drugs for NSCLC has become an urgent need. Herein, various mouse models provide great convenience not only for researchers but also for the development of antitumor drug. Meanwhile, TCM, as a valuable and largely untapped resource pool for modern medicine, provides research resources for the treatment of various diseases. Until now, cell-derived xenograft (CDX) model, patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model, syngeneic model, orthotopic model, humanized mouse model (HIS), and genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) have been reported in TCM evaluation. This review shows the role and current status of kinds of mouse models in antitumor research and summarizes the application progress of TCM including extracts, formulas, and isolated single molecules for NSCLC therapy in various mouse models; more importantly, it provides a theoretical exploration of what kind of mouse models is ideal for TCM efficacy evaluation in future. However, there are still huge challenges and limitations in the development of mouse models specifically for the TCM research, and none of the available models are perfectly matching the characteristics of TCM, which suppress the tumor growth through various mechanisms, especially by regulating immune function. Nevertheless, with fully functional immune system existing in syngeneic model and humanized mouse model (HIS), it is still suggested that these two models are more suitable for development of TCM especially for TCM extracts or formulas. Moreover, continued efforts are needed to generate more reliable mouse models to test TCM formulas in future research.
非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）是最致命的癌症之一，全球每年有超过100万人死于该病。因此，开发用于NSCLC的新型治疗药物已成为迫切需求。在此，各种小鼠模型不仅为研究人员提供了极大便利，也为抗肿瘤药物的研发提供了便利。同时，中医药作为现代医学宝贵且尚未充分开发的资源库，为各种疾病的治疗提供了研究资源。到目前为止，在中医药评估中已报道了细胞衍生异种移植（CDX）模型、患者衍生异种移植（PDX）模型、同基因模型、原位模型、人源化小鼠模型（HIS）和基因工程小鼠模型（GEMM）。本综述展示了各种小鼠模型在抗肿瘤研究中的作用和现状，总结了中医药（包括提取物、方剂和分离的单一分子）在各种小鼠模型中治疗NSCLC的应用进展；更重要的是，它为未来哪种小鼠模型最适合中医药疗效评估提供了理论探索。然而，专门针对中医药研究的小鼠模型开发仍面临巨大挑战和局限性，现有的模型均无法完美匹配中医药通过多种机制（尤其是通过调节免疫功能）抑制肿瘤生长的特性。尽管如此，由于同基因模型和人源化小鼠模型（HIS）中存在功能完备免疫，仍建议这两种模型更适合中医药开发，尤其是中医药提取物或方剂。此外，在未来研究中需要继续努力建立更可靠的小鼠模型来测试中药方剂。
