Karati Dipanjan, Varghese Ryan, Mahadik K R, Sharma Rohit, Kumar Dileep
Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India.
Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Jul 20;2022:4295802. doi: 10.1155/2022/4295802. eCollection 2022.
Skeletal muscle mass responds rapidly to growth stimuli, precipitating hypertrophies (increased protein synthesis) and hyperplasia (activation of the myogenic program). For ages, muscle degeneration has been attributed to changes in the intracellular myofiber pathways. These pathways are tightly regulated by hormones and lymphokines that ultimately pave the way to decreased anabolism and accelerated protein breakdown. Despite the lacunae in our understanding of specific pathways, growing bodies of evidence suggest that the changes in the myogenic/regenerative program are the major contributing factor in the development and progression of muscle wasting. In addition, inflammation plays a key role in the pathophysiology of diseases linked to the failure of skeletal muscles. Chronic inflammation with elevated levels of inflammatory mediators has been observed in a spectrum of diseases, such as inflammatory myopathies and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although the pathophysiology of these diseases varies greatly, they all demonstrate sarcopenia and dysregulated skeletal muscle physiology as common symptoms. Medicinal plants harbor potential novel chemical moieties for a plenitude of illnesses, and inflammation is no exception. However, despite the vast number of potential antiinflammatory compounds found in plant extracts and isolated components, the research on medicinal plants is highly daunting. This review aims to explore the various phytoconstituents employed in the treatment of inflammatory responses in skeletal muscles, while providing an in-depth molecular insight into the latter.
骨骼肌质量对生长刺激反应迅速，引发肥大（蛋白质合成增加）和增生（肌源性程序激活）。长期以来，肌肉退化一直被归因于细胞内肌纤维途径的变化。这些途径受到激素和淋巴因子的严格调控，最终导致合成代谢减少和蛋白质分解加速。尽管我们对特定途径的理解存在空白，但越来越多的证据表明，肌源性/再生程序的变化是肌肉萎缩发展和进展的主要促成因素。此外，炎症在与骨骼肌功能衰竭相关疾病的病理生理学中起关键作用。在一系列疾病中，如炎症性肌病和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD），都观察到炎症介质水平升高的慢性炎症。尽管这些疾病的病理生理学差异很大，但它们都表现出肌肉减少症和骨骼肌生理失调这一常见症状。药用植物含有众多疾病的潜在新型化学部分，炎症也不例外。然而，尽管在植物提取物和分离成分中发现了大量潜在的抗炎化合物，但对药用植物的研究极具挑战性。本综述旨在探讨用于治疗骨骼肌炎症反应的各种植物成分，同时对后者进行深入的分子洞察。
