Barranca-Enríquez Antonia, Romo-González Tania
Centro de Estudios y Servicios en Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, Mexico.
Área de Biología y Salud Integral, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico.
Front Oral Health. 2022 Sep 14;3:971223. doi: 10.3389/froh.2022.971223. eCollection 2022.
Even though various studies recognize the importance of the oral cavity to have general health, in multidisciplinary professional practice it is almost always excluded and on an individual basis, very commonly neglected. Oral diseases are preventable, still, they are highly prevalent. Although some studies consider oral health within integral health, currently, there is no model in which the mouth is integrated within other levels for the achievement of well-being. The objective of this article was to review the importance of oral health and its connection with well-being and, based on these findings, propose a complex and comprehensive perspective for approach and care.
The databases MEDLINE, PubMed, and Google Scholar were revised for randomized controlled trials and reviews that included search terms related to oral health and its relationship with the general health in its different levels (physical, psychological, social and environmental).
The review shows that oral health is critical, as the teeth and mouth are not only an integral part of the body, but also, they also support and enable essential human functions. That is, oral health has a multidimensional nature, as it includes the physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains that are essential for overall health and well-being. Likewise, the mouth is the psychological seat of the first physiological needs and emotional gratifications, with it we take a taste of the world around us. Thus, the mouth plays an important role in the feeling of unity and in the constitution of the self. Based on these results we propose an integrative model in which the mouth is the first step for well-being and from this integrative model we build a multidisciplinary approach which could be used in the clinical practice for the promotion of oral care and general health.
The effort on the part of oral health professionals is essential for people's well-being and must be integrated as part of health promotion. Dental treatments alone cannot solve this problem, it requires a comprehensive and approach in which the bio-psychological, behavioral, and socio-environmental determinants are included to face this global oral health challenge. That is, without a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach to medical science that includes dental and oral health, our public policies cannot provide the best answers to health promotion, disease prevention, early detection, and treatment.
尽管各项研究都认识到口腔对整体健康的重要性，但在多学科专业实践中，口腔几乎总是被排除在外，而且就个体而言，也常常被忽视。口腔疾病是可预防的，但它们仍然非常普遍。尽管一些研究将口腔健康纳入整体健康范畴，但目前尚无一个将口腔融入其他层面以实现幸福安康的模式。本文的目的是回顾口腔健康的重要性及其与幸福安康的联系，并基于这些发现，提出一种复杂而全面的方法和护理视角。
对MEDLINE、PubMed和谷歌学术数据库进行了检索，查找随机对照试验和综述，这些研究包括与口腔健康及其在不同层面（身体、心理、社会和环境）与整体健康的关系相关的检索词。
综述表明，口腔健康至关重要，因为牙齿和口腔不仅是身体不可或缺的一部分，而且还支持并实现人类的基本功能。也就是说，口腔健康具有多维度性质，因为它包括对整体健康和幸福至关重要的身体、心理、社会和环境领域。同样，口腔是首要生理需求和情感满足的心理所在，通过它我们品味周围的世界。因此，口腔在整体感和自我构成中发挥着重要作用。基于这些结果，我们提出一个综合模型，其中口腔是幸福安康的第一步，从这个综合模型出发，我们构建一种多学科方法，可用于临床实践以促进口腔护理和整体健康。
口腔健康专业人员的努力对人们的幸福安康至关重要，必须作为健康促进的一部分加以整合。仅靠牙科治疗无法解决这个问题，它需要一种综合方法，其中包括生物心理、行为和社会环境决定因素，以应对这一全球口腔健康挑战。也就是说，没有包括牙科和口腔健康在内的全面多学科医学方法，我们的公共政策就无法为健康促进、疾病预防、早期检测和治疗提供最佳答案。
