Hussaini Helai, Rogers Sylvette, Kataria Saurabh, Uddin Khalid, Mohamed Khalid H, Mohamed Alaa S, Tariq Farhan, Ahmad Sarfaraz, Awais Anum, Ahmed Zahoor, Chukwurah Anthony, Khan Aadil
Neurology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, CAN.
Neurology, Caribbean Medical University, Atlanta, USA.
Cureus. 2022 Aug 31;14(8):e28633. doi: 10.7759/cureus.28633. eCollection 2022 Aug.
The adverse events and complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continue to challenge the medical profession despite the worldwide vaccination against the severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19. Other than typical respiratory manifestations, COVID-19 also presents a wide range of neurological manifestations. This article underlines the pooled incidence of COVID-19-induced seizures in patients with epilepsy and without epilepsy. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocols, we conducted a bibliographical search, and an initial search revealed 1,375 articles. In total, 21 articles were included in the final analysis by following the inclusion criteria. A total of 11,526 patients from 21 published articles that met the predetermined search criteria were included. The median age of the patients was 61.9 years, of whom 51.5% were males. A total of 255 patients presented with seizures as the first manifestation of COVID-19 with a prevalence of 2.2% (95% confidence interval = 0.05-0.24, < 0.01) ( = 97%), of which 71 patients had previously been diagnosed with epilepsy. Among patients with epilepsy, 49 patients had seizures as an initial presentation of SARA-CoV-2 with an incidence of 72% (0.54-0.85, = 0.1) ( = 34). Although the incidence of COVID-19-induced seizures is not high compared to other neurological manifestations, seizure incidence in epileptic patients with COVID-19 is remarkably high. New-onset seizures in any patient should be considered a presentation of COVID-19 in the absence of other causative factors.
尽管全球已针对新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）的病原体严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）进行了疫苗接种，但2019冠状病毒病的不良事件和并发症仍在继续挑战医学界。除了典型的呼吸道表现外，COVID-19还呈现出广泛的神经学表现。本文强调了COVID-19诱发癫痫发作在癫痫患者和非癫痫患者中的合并发病率。按照系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）方案，我们进行了文献检索，初步检索发现了1375篇文章。最终通过遵循纳入标准对21篇文章进行了分析。共有来自21篇已发表文章且符合预定检索标准的11526例患者被纳入研究。患者的中位年龄为61.9岁，其中51.5%为男性。共有255例患者以癫痫发作作为COVID-19的首发表现，患病率为2.2%（95%置信区间=0.05-0.24，<0.01）（=97%），其中71例患者先前被诊断患有癫痫。在癫痫患者中，49例患者以癫痫发作作为SARA-CoV-2感染的初始表现，发病率为72%（0.54-0.85，=0.1）（=34）。尽管与其他神经学表现相比，COVID-19诱发癫痫发作的发病率不高，但COVID-19癫痫患者的癫痫发作发病率显著较高。在没有其他致病因素的情况下，任何患者的新发癫痫发作都应被视为COVID-19的一种表现。
