伊朗少女的促进健康的生活方式与疼痛强度和月经不适有关吗？
Are health promoting lifestyles associated with pain intensity and menstrual distress among Iranian adolescent girls?
机构信息
Students research committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
Graduate School of Education, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
出版信息
BMC Pediatr. 2022 Oct 5;22(1):574. doi: 10.1186/s12887-022-03639-x.
OBJECTIVE
The present study investigated the relationship between a health-promoting lifestyle and menstrual pain intensity and distress among adolescent girls in Qazvin.
METHODS
A cross-sectional survey study using a two-stage sampling method was conducted. The participants (n = 986) were female high school students aged 14-19 years living in Qazvin. Random cluster sampling was used to recruit participants from schools and classes from each grade. An online survey was provided to all participants to complete. Data were collected using a Demographic and Menstrual Characteristics Checklist, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) to assess dysmenorrhea intensity, the Andresh Milsom Scale (AMS) to assess dysmenorrhea severity, the Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MMDS) to assess menstrual distress, and the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP) to assess a health promoting lifestyle. Data were analyzed using an univariable linear regression model at a significance level of 0.05.
RESULTS
The findings indicated that 421 participants (42.7%) experienced dysmenorrhea with a mean duration of 2.24 days (SD = 1.57) and a mean pain intensity of 4.62 on the VAS (SD = 2.87). The mean score on the menstrual distress on the MDDS was 13.55 (SD = 8.88) and the mean score on the HPLP was 2.55 (SD = 0.50). Based on the results of univariable linear regression, nutrition (β=-0.18, p < 0.001) and exercise (β=-0.17, p < 0.001) had the most significant effect on the severity of dysmenorrhea pain. Also, self-actualization (β=-0.29, p < 0.001), stress management (β=-0.25, p < 0.001) and nutrition (β=-0.25, p < 0.001) had the most significant effect on menstrual distress.
CONCLUSION
Based on these findings, it is suggested that (i) improving nutrition and exercise might reduce the severity of dysmenorrhea pain and (ii) improving self-actualization, stress management and nutrition might reduce the severity of menstrual distress. Overall, it seems that improving health-promoting lifestyle behaviors can help improve the severity of dysmenorrhea pain and menstrual distress among adolescent girls.
目的
本研究旨在探讨伊朗卡泽伦市少女健康促进生活方式与月经痛强度和困扰之间的关系。
方法
本研究采用两阶段抽样法进行横断面调查。参与者（n=986）为年龄在 14-19 岁、居住在卡泽伦市的女性高中生。采用随机整群抽样法从各年级的学校和班级中抽取参与者。向所有参与者提供在线调查以完成调查。使用人口统计学和月经特征清单、视觉模拟量表（VAS）评估痛经强度、安德雷什米尔索姆量表（AMS）评估痛经严重程度、莫尔斯月经困扰问卷（MMDS）评估月经困扰、健康促进生活方式量表（HPLP）评估健康促进生活方式来收集数据。采用单变量线性回归模型在 0.05 水平上进行数据分析。
结果
研究结果表明，421 名（42.7%）参与者经历痛经，痛经持续时间平均为 2.24 天（SD=1.57），VAS 平均疼痛强度为 4.62（SD=2.87）。MMDS 上月经困扰的平均得分为 13.55（SD=8.88），HPLP 的平均得分为 2.55（SD=0.50）。基于单变量线性回归的结果，营养（β=-0.18，p<0.001）和运动（β=-0.17，p<0.001）对痛经疼痛严重程度的影响最大。此外，自我实现（β=-0.29，p<0.001）、压力管理（β=-0.25，p<0.001）和营养（β=-0.25，p<0.001）对月经困扰的影响最大。
结论
根据这些发现，建议（i）改善营养和运动可能会降低痛经疼痛的严重程度，（ii）改善自我实现、压力管理和营养可能会降低月经困扰的严重程度。总体而言，改善健康促进生活方式行为似乎可以帮助减轻少女痛经疼痛和月经困扰的严重程度。
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