are with The George Institute for Global Health, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
is with Resolve to Save Lives, New York City, New York, USA.
Nutr Rev. 2023 May 10;81(6):647-657. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuac080.
Creating healthy food environments through nutrition standards for publicly funded institutions (eg, schools, workplaces, and hospitals) provides an important opportunity to improve population diets.
This study aimed to identify countries with national nutrition standards for publicly funded institutions that included salt-related criteria and to describe and summarize these initiatives.
Peer-reviewed and grey literature was searched to December 2019, including MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Embase, TRoPHI, LILACS, Web of Science, Cochrane Public Health Group Specialised Register, and Effective Public Health Practice Project Database. In addition, a questionnaire was sent to country contacts and salt-reduction experts, and a targeted search on relevant government websites was conducted.
Key characteristics of the national nutrition standards for publicly funded institutions were extracted, including name, governance, institution type, implementation status, and details of food and nutrient criteria.
Nutrition standards were analyzed by World Health Organization region, World Bank income level, institution type, type of criteria, regulatory approach, and method of application. Sixty-six countries were identified as having national nutrition standards that included salt-related criteria for at least one publicly funded institution. Standards were more prevalent in the European Region, high-income countries, and schools compared to other regions, income levels, and institution types, respectively. Most standards were mandatory and contained nutrition criteria pertaining to both foods and nutrients.
Nutrition standards have the potential to significantly improve diets, but there is considerable scope to develop and implement nutrition standards more effectively using the new World Health Organization Action Framework.
通过为公立机构（如学校、工作场所和医院）制定营养标准来创建健康的食品环境，为改善人群饮食提供了一个重要机会。
本研究旨在确定制定了包含与盐相关标准的公立机构营养标准的国家，并描述和总结这些举措。
检索了截至 2019 年 12 月的同行评议文献和灰色文献，包括 MEDLINE、CENTRAL、Embase、TRoPHI、LILACS、Web of Science、Cochrane 公共卫生组专业注册库和有效公共卫生实践项目数据库。此外，还向国家联络人和减盐专家发送了问卷，并对相关政府网站进行了有针对性的搜索。
提取了公立机构营养标准的主要特征，包括名称、治理、机构类型、实施情况以及食品和营养标准的详细信息。
根据世界卫生组织区域、世界银行收入水平、机构类型、标准类型、监管方法和应用方法对营养标准进行了分析。确定了 66 个国家制定了至少一项包含公立机构中与盐相关标准的国家营养标准。与其他区域、收入水平和机构类型相比，这些标准在欧洲区域、高收入国家和学校更为普遍。大多数标准是强制性的，并包含与食品和营养有关的营养标准。
营养标准有可能显著改善饮食，但仍有很大的空间可以利用世界卫生组织新的行动框架更有效地制定和实施营养标准。
