Iamaroon Anak
Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Thailand.
Excellence Center in Osteology Research and Training Center (ORTC), Chiang Mai University, Thailand.
Dent Med Probl. 2022 Jul-Sep;59(3):483-487. doi: 10.17219/dmp/152071.
The current outbreak of monkeypox infection has caught the attention of people worldwide. Updated data showed a dramatic increase in the number of patients in many non-endemic countries. An emergence of monkeypox together with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused a tremendous burden on the healthcare system, globally. The aim of this review was to briefly describe the current situation, transmission, clinical features, diagnosis, and prevention of the disease. Oral manifestations of monkeypox as well as those of similar viral diseases were elaborately delineated. The outbreak of monkeypox in non-endemic regions has expanded to at least 47 countries with more than 4,100 new infections. The clinical features in non-endemic regions are atypical and different from those in central and western Africa. Milder symptoms with no death cases have been observed. The oral mucosa is often involved and oral lesions may initially be manifested before the rash spreads to the face and other parts of the body. The diagnosis of monkeypox is mainly based on clinical presentations and laboratory investigations. Prevention by avoiding close contacts with patients and sick animals and providing vaccination to those who have a primary contact with patients is essential. Oral manifestations may occur prior to skin eruptions, suggesting that dentists and dental personnel should be well aware of the nature of the disease. Prevention and public awareness of the disease are crucial for mitigating further human-to-human transmission.
当前猴痘感染疫情已引起全球关注。最新数据显示，许多非流行国家的患者数量急剧增加。猴痘与2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）同时出现给全球医疗系统带来了巨大负担。本综述的目的是简要描述该疾病的现状、传播、临床特征、诊断和预防。文中还详细阐述了猴痘以及类似病毒性疾病的口腔表现。猴痘在非流行地区的疫情已蔓延至至少47个国家，新增感染病例超过4100例。非流行地区的临床特征不典型，与中非和西非地区不同。已观察到症状较轻且无死亡病例情况。口腔黏膜常受累，口腔病变可能在皮疹扩散至面部和身体其他部位之前就已出现。猴痘的诊断主要基于临床表现和实验室检查。通过避免与患者和患病动物密切接触以及为与患者有过密切接触的人提供疫苗接种来进行预防至关重要。口腔表现可能在皮肤出疹之前出现，这表明牙医和牙科工作人员应充分了解该疾病的性质。对该疾病的预防和公众认知对于减轻进一步的人际传播至关重要。
