不同铵硝比对龙芽草（Dracocephalum moldavica）抗氧化活性、形态生理和生化特性的影响。
The effect of different ammonium to nitrate ratios on antioxidant activity, morpho-physiological and phytochemical traits of Moldavian balm (Dracocephalum moldavica).
机构信息
Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
Department of Food Science and Technology, Ahar Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
出版信息
Sci Rep. 2022 Oct 7;12(1):16841. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-21338-6.
Improving yield and secondary metabolites production of medicinal plants through nutrition management recently has been considered. The present study was done to determine the effects of different ammonium (NH) to nitrate (NO) ratios (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, 0:100) on morphophysiological, nutrient contents (N, P, K, Ca, and Mg), phenolic compounds (Total phenolics (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) contents and individual phenolics including chlorogenic acid, rosmarinic acid, gallic acid, cinnamic acid, caffeic acid, rutin, p-Coumaric acid, apigenin, and quercetin by HPLC-DAD), essential oil composition (by GC and GC-MS), and antioxidant capacity (by DPPH and FRAP assays) of Moldavian balm (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) in deep water culture (DWC) system. The highest biomass and morphological traits values of D. moldavica observed in 0:100 ratio of NH:NO. Also, the highest TPC and TFC was earned in plants that supplied with 0:100 ratio of NH:NO. Using the 25:75 ratio of NH:NO caused the highest nutrient contents (N, Ca and Mg) in the leaves. p-Coumaric acid was detected as the major abundant phenolic compound in extracts and the application of 75:25 ratio of NH:NO resulted in the highest amounts of p-Coumaric acid, gallic acid, rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, quercetin, and rutin. The highest antioxidant capacity by both FRAP and DPPH assays was obtained in 75:25 ratio of NH:NO. Also, the highest geranial and geranyl acetate, geraniol, and neral were obtained in 75:25, 25:75, and 50:50 ratios of NH:NO, respectively. Plants supplied with the 0:100 ratio of NH:NO, had the highest total carotenoids, while the highest chlorophyll a and b content gained with 75:25 ratio of NH:NO. These results suggest that the management of N source in nutrient recipe could contribute to enhance of morphophysiological traits, antioxidant activity and phytochemical compounds in Moldavian balm.
通过营养管理提高药用植物的产量和次生代谢产物的生产，最近已受到关注。本研究旨在确定不同的铵（NH）与硝酸盐（NO）比例（100:0、75:25、50:50、25:75、0:100）对深水位培养（DWC）系统中摩尔达维亚香茶菜（Dracocephalum moldavica L.）的形态生理、养分含量（N、P、K、Ca 和 Mg）、酚类化合物（总酚（TPC）和类黄酮（TFC）含量以及单个酚类化合物包括绿原酸、迷迭香酸、没食子酸、肉桂酸、咖啡酸、芦丁、对香豆酸、芹菜素和槲皮素，通过 HPLC-DAD）、精油成分（通过 GC 和 GC-MS）和抗氧化能力（通过 DPPH 和 FRAP 测定）的影响。在 NH:NO 的 0:100 比例下观察到摩尔达维亚香茶菜的最高生物量和形态特征值。此外，在供应 NH:NO 的 0:100 比例的植物中获得了最高的 TPC 和 TFC。NH:NO 的 25:75 比例导致叶片中最高的养分含量（N、Ca 和 Mg）。在提取物中检测到对香豆酸为主要丰富的酚类化合物，NH:NO 的 75:25 比例导致对香豆酸、没食子酸、迷迭香酸、咖啡酸、槲皮素和芦丁的含量最高。通过 FRAP 和 DPPH 测定获得的最高抗氧化能力分别在 NH:NO 的 75:25 比例和 25:75 比例下获得。此外，在 NH:NO 的 75:25、25:75 和 50:50 比例下，香叶醛和乙酸香叶酯、香叶醇和橙花醛的含量最高。在 NH:NO 的 0:100 比例下供应的植物具有最高的总类胡萝卜素，而在 NH:NO 的 75:25 比例下获得的叶绿素 a 和 b 含量最高。这些结果表明，在营养配方中管理氮源可以有助于提高摩尔达维亚香茶菜的形态生理特性、抗氧化活性和植物化学物质。
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