Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan.
Semin Liver Dis. 2022 Nov;42(4):475-488. doi: 10.1055/a-1957-6384. Epub 2022 Oct 8.
The excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins results in fibrosis-a condition implicated in several diseased conditions, such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, viral hepatitis, and autoimmune hepatitis. Despite its prevalence, direct and effective treatments for fibrosis are lacking, warranting the development of better therapeutic strategies. Accumulating evidence has shown that liver fibrosis-a condition previously considered irreversible-is reversible in specific conditions. Immune cells residing in or infiltrating the liver (e.g., macrophages) are crucial in the pathogenesis of fibrosis. Given this background, the roles and action mechanisms of various immune cells and their subsets in the progression and recovery of liver fibrosis, particularly concerning nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, are discussed in this review. Furthermore, the development of better therapeutic strategies based on stage-specific properties and using advanced techniques as well as the mechanisms underlying recovery are elaborated. In conclusion, we consider the review comprehensively provides the present achievements and future possibilities revolving around fibrosis treatment.
细胞外基质蛋白的过度积累导致纤维化——这种情况与几种疾病有关，如非酒精性脂肪性肝炎、病毒性肝炎和自身免疫性肝炎。尽管纤维化很常见，但缺乏直接有效的治疗方法，因此需要开发更好的治疗策略。越来越多的证据表明，以前被认为不可逆转的肝纤维化在特定条件下是可逆的。驻留在肝脏内或浸润肝脏的免疫细胞（如巨噬细胞）在纤维化的发病机制中起着关键作用。有鉴于此，本文讨论了各种免疫细胞及其亚群在肝纤维化进展和恢复中的作用和作用机制，特别是与非酒精性脂肪性肝炎有关的作用和作用机制。此外，还阐述了基于特定阶段特性和使用先进技术以及恢复背后机制的更好治疗策略的发展。总之，我们认为该综述全面提供了围绕纤维化治疗的现有成果和未来可能性。
