Walk Ryan M
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 4901 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
Surg Clin North Am. 2022 Oct;102(5):759-778. doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2022.07.008. Epub 2022 Sep 7.
Esophageal atresia (EA) with tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is among the most common congenital anomalies requiring surgical intervention in infancy. General surgeons practicing in rural or austere environments may encounter emergency situations requiring their involvement. Respiratory emergencies can arise in the neonatal period; the recommended approaches are the ligation of the fistula through the chest or occlusion of the distal esophagus through the abdomen. As survivors of the condition reach late adulthood, general surgeons can anticipate encountering these patients. An understanding of risk factors, common symptoms, associated anomalies, and the appropriate diagnostic evaluation will facilitate care.
食管闭锁（EA）合并气管食管瘘（TEF）是婴儿期最常见的需要手术干预的先天性畸形之一。在农村或艰苦环境中执业的普通外科医生可能会遇到需要他们参与的紧急情况。新生儿期可能会出现呼吸紧急情况；推荐的方法是通过胸部结扎瘘管或通过腹部闭塞远端食管。随着这种疾病的幸存者步入成年晚期，普通外科医生可以预期会遇到这些患者。了解危险因素、常见症状、相关畸形以及适当的诊断评估将有助于治疗。
