John Ann, Lee Sze Chim, Puchades Alice, Del Pozo-Baños Marcos, Morgan Kelly, Page Nicholas, Moore Graham, Murphy Simon
Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK.
Public Health Wales, 2 Capital Quarter, Cardiff, UK.
J Adolesc. 2023 Jan;95(1):97-114. doi: 10.1002/jad.12102. Epub 2022 Oct 9.
Although the evidence base on bullying victimization and self-harm in young people has been growing, most studies were cross-sectional, relied on self-reported non-validated measures of self-harm, and did not separate effects of in-person and cyberbullying. This study aimed to assess associations of self-harm following in-person bullying at school and cyberbullying victimization controlling for covariates.
School survey data from 11 to 16 years pupils collected in 2017 from 39 Welsh secondary schools were linked to routinely collected data. Inverse probability weighting was performed to circumvent selection bias. Survival analyses for recurrent events were conducted to evaluate relative risks (adjusted hazard ratios [AHR]) of self-harm among bullying groups within 2 years following survey completion.
A total of 35.0% (weighted N = 6813) of pupils reported being bullied, with 18.1%, 6.4% and 10.5% being victims of in-person bullying at school only, cyberbullying only and both in-person bullying at school and cyberbullying respectively. Adjusting for covariates, effect sizes for self-harm were significant after being in-person bullied at school only (AHR = 2.2 [1.1-4.3]) and being both in-person bullied at school and cyberbullied (AHR = 2.2 [1.0-4.7]) but not being cyberbullied only (AHR = 1.2 [0.4-3.3]). Feeling lonely during recent summer holidays was also a robust predictor (AHR = 2.2 [1.2-4.0]).
We reaffirm the role of in-person bullying victimization on self-harm. Pupils were twice as likely to self-harm following in-person bullying as their nonvictimised peers. Interventions for young people that minimize the potential impacts of bullying on self-harm should also include strategies to prevent loneliness.
尽管关于青少年受欺凌受害情况和自我伤害的证据基础一直在扩大，但大多数研究都是横断面研究，依赖于自我报告的未经验证的自我伤害测量方法，并且没有区分面对面欺凌和网络欺凌的影响。本研究旨在评估在控制协变量的情况下，学校内面对面欺凌和网络欺凌受害后自我伤害之间的关联。
2017年从39所威尔士中学收集的11至16岁学生的学校调查数据与常规收集的数据相链接。进行逆概率加权以规避选择偏倚。对复发事件进行生存分析，以评估调查完成后2年内欺凌组中自我伤害的相对风险（调整后的风险比[AHR]）。
共有35.0%（加权N = 6813）的学生报告曾受到欺凌，其中仅在校受到面对面欺凌的受害者占18.1%，仅受网络欺凌的占6.4%，同时受到在校面对面欺凌和网络欺凌的占10.5%。在控制协变量后，仅在校受到面对面欺凌（AHR = 2.2 [1.1 - 4.3]）以及同时受到在校面对面欺凌和网络欺凌（AHR = 2.2 [1.0 - 4.7]）后自我伤害的效应量显著，但仅受网络欺凌时不显著（AHR = 1.2 [0.4 - 3.3]）。最近暑假期间感到孤独也是一个有力的预测因素（AHR = 2.2 [1.2 - 4.0]）。
我们重申了面对面欺凌受害对自我伤害的作用。受面对面欺凌的学生自我伤害的可能性是未受欺凌同龄人 的两倍。针对青少年的干预措施，若要尽量减少欺凌对自我伤害的潜在影响，还应包括预防孤独的策略。
