Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montreal, Québec, Canada.
Molecular Biology Programs, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
Cancer Res. 2022 Dec 16;82(24):4497-4510. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-22-1902.
Multiple factors act in concert to define the fate of disseminated tumor cells (DTC) to enter dormancy or develop overt metastases. Here, we review these factors in the context of three stages of the metastatic cascade that impact DTCs. First, cells can be programmed within the primary tumor microenvironment to promote or inhibit dissemination, and the primary tumor can condition a premetastatic niche. Then, cancer cells from the primary tumor spread through hematogenous and lymphatic routes, and the primary tumor sends cues systematically to regulate the fate of DTCs. Finally, DTCs home to their metastatic site, where they are influenced by various organ-specific aspects of the new microenvironment. We discuss these factors in the context of breast cancer, where about one-third of patients develop metastatic relapse. Finally, we discuss how the standard-of-care options for breast cancer might affect the fate of DTCs.
多种因素协同作用，决定播散性肿瘤细胞（DTC）进入休眠或发展为明显转移的命运。在这里，我们将在影响 DTC 的转移级联的三个阶段的背景下回顾这些因素。首先，细胞可以在原发性肿瘤微环境中被编程以促进或抑制播散，并且原发性肿瘤可以调节前转移龛位。然后，来自原发性肿瘤的癌细胞通过血液和淋巴途径扩散，并且原发性肿瘤系统性地发出信号来调节 DTC 的命运。最后，DTC 归巢到其转移部位，在那里它们受到新微环境的各种器官特异性方面的影响。我们将在乳腺癌的背景下讨论这些因素，其中约三分之一的患者发生转移性复发。最后，我们讨论乳腺癌的标准治疗选择可能如何影响 DTC 的命运。
