DIIn, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano (Sa), Italy.
Via Arce 10, 84122 Salerno, Italy.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Jan 20;857(Pt 1):159323. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159323. Epub 2022 Oct 8.
The main aim of this study was to perform a combined life cycle assessment and life cycle costing of the most used wine packaging systems in Italy. Packaging plays a key role in food and beverage production and supply chain, but the increasing volume of packaging used causes many environmental concerns. The wine sector is no exception, especially in Italy that is the largest producer in the world. Eight packaging alternatives were compared in environmental and economic terms assuming a functional unit of three litres and a cradle to grave approach: one aseptic carton system, two bag-in-box systems, two PET bottle systems, and three glass bottle systems. The results were analysed with an eco-efficiency portfolio approach. There was consistency between the LCA and LCC results for most of the packaging systems. From both the environmental and economical point of views, aseptic cartons and bag-in-box systems were the most sustainable alternatives, while the glass systems had the worst global performances due to the high weight and consequent huge energy consumption during bottle production. The size of the containers was the key factor that most affected the results both in environmental and economic terms.
本研究的主要目的是对意大利最常用的葡萄酒包装系统进行生命周期评估和生命周期成本核算。包装在食品和饮料生产及供应链中起着关键作用，但包装用量的不断增加引起了许多环境方面的关注。葡萄酒行业也不例外，尤其是在意大利，它是世界上最大的葡萄酒生产国。假设功能单位为三升，并采用从摇篮到坟墓的方法，对八种包装替代品进行了环境和经济方面的比较：一种无菌纸盒系统、两种盒中袋系统、两种 PET 瓶系统和三种玻璃瓶系统。结果采用生态效率组合方法进行了分析。对于大多数包装系统，LCA 和 LCC 的结果具有一致性。从环境和经济角度来看，无菌纸盒和盒中袋系统是最可持续的替代品，而玻璃瓶系统由于瓶身重量大，导致在生产过程中消耗大量能源，其全球性能最差。容器的大小是在环境和经济方面影响结果的关键因素。
