National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aeginition Hospital, Neuropsychology and Language Disorders Unit, First Department of Neurology, 72-74 Vassilissis Sofias Ave, 11528, Athens, Greece.
Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences, Department of Psychology, 136 Andrea Syngrou Av., 17671, Athens, Greece.
Commun Biol. 2022 Oct 10;5(1):1077. doi: 10.1038/s42003-022-03983-9.
Recent investigations have raised the question of the role of the anterior lateral temporal cortex in language processing (ventral language network). Here we present the language and overall cognitive performance of a rare male patient with chronic middle cerebral artery cerebrovascular accident with a well-documented lesion restricted to the anterior temporal cortex and its connections via the extreme capsule with the pars triangularis of the inferior frontal gyrus (i.e. Broca's region). The performance of this unique patient is compared with that of two chronic middle cerebral artery cerebrovascular accident male patients with damage to the classic dorsal posterior temporo-parietal language system. Diffusion tensor imaging is used to reconstruct the relevant white matter tracts of the three patients, which are also compared with those of 10 healthy individuals. The patient with the anterior temporo-frontal lesion presents with flawless and fluent speech, but selective impairment in accessing lexico-semantic information, in sharp contrast to the impairments in speech, sentence comprehension and repetition observed after lesions to the classic dorsal language system. The present results underline the contribution of the ventral language stream in lexico-semantic processing and higher cognitive functions, such as active selective controlled retrieval.
最近的研究提出了一个问题，即前外侧颞叶皮质在语言处理（ ventral language network ）中的作用。在这里，我们介绍了一位罕见的男性慢性大脑中动脉卒中患者的语言和整体认知表现，该患者的病变有明确的记录，局限于前颞叶及其通过极囊与下额回三角区（即 Broca 区）的连接。将该独特患者的表现与两名患有经典后颞顶叶语言系统损伤的慢性大脑中动脉卒中男性患者的表现进行了比较。使用弥散张量成像来重建这三位患者的相关白质束，并将其与 10 名健康个体进行比较。前颞额病变患者的言语表现完美流畅，但在访问词汇语义信息方面存在选择性障碍，与经典后语言系统损伤后观察到的言语、句子理解和重复障碍形成鲜明对比。目前的结果强调了 ventral language stream 在词汇语义处理和更高认知功能（如主动选择性控制检索）中的贡献。
