Papageorgiou Georgios, Kasselimis Dimitrios, Laskaris Nikolaos, Potagas Constantin
Neuropsychology and Language Disorders Unit, 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece.
Department of Psychology, Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences, 17671 Athens, Greece.
Biomedicines. 2023 Oct 21;11(10):2856. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11102856.
Translational neuroscience is a multidisciplinary field that aims to bridge the gap between basic science and clinical practice. Regarding aphasia rehabilitation, there are still several unresolved issues related to the neural mechanisms that optimize language treatment. Although there are studies providing indications toward a translational approach to the remediation of acquired language disorders, the incorporation of fundamental neuroplasticity principles into this field is still in progress. From that aspect, in this narrative review, we discuss some key neuroplasticity principles, which have been elucidated through animal studies and which could eventually be applied in the context of aphasia treatment. This translational approach could be further strengthened by the implementation of intervention strategies that incorporate the idea that language is supported by domain-general mechanisms, which highlights the impact of non-linguistic factors in post-stroke language recovery. Here, we highlight that translational research in aphasia has the potential to advance our knowledge of brain-language relationships. We further argue that advances in this field could lead to improvement in the remediation of acquired language disturbances by remodeling the rationale of aphasia-therapy approaches. Arguably, the complex anatomy and phenomenology of aphasia dictate the need for a multidisciplinary approach with one of its main pillars being translational research.
转化神经科学是一个多学科领域,旨在弥合基础科学与临床实践之间的差距。在失语症康复方面,与优化语言治疗的神经机制相关的几个问题仍未得到解决。尽管有研究为后天性语言障碍的修复提供了转化方法的线索,但将基本神经可塑性原理纳入该领域的工作仍在进行中。从这方面来看,在本叙述性综述中,我们讨论了一些关键的神经可塑性原理,这些原理已通过动物研究得到阐明,并最终可能应用于失语症治疗的背景中。通过实施干预策略,这种转化方法可以得到进一步加强,这些策略纳入了语言由通用机制支持的观点,这突出了非语言因素在中风后语言恢复中的影响。在这里,我们强调失语症的转化研究有潜力推进我们对脑 - 语言关系的认识。我们进一步认为,该领域的进展可能通过重塑失语症治疗方法的基本原理来改善后天性语言障碍的修复。可以说,失语症复杂的解剖结构和现象学决定了需要一种多学科方法,其主要支柱之一是转化研究。