Vinogradskaya G R, Ivanov A V, Kushch A A
Konstantinov St. Petersburg Institute of Nuclear Physics, National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", 188300 Gatchina, Leningrad oblast Russia.
Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
Mol Biol. 2022;56(5):668-683. doi: 10.1134/S0026893322050132. Epub 2022 Oct 5.
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) DNA and proteins are often detected in malignant tumors, warranting studies of the role that HCMV plays in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. HCMV proteins were shown to regulate the key processes involved in tumorigenesis. While HCMV as an oncogenic factor just came into focus, its ability to promote tumor progression is generally recognized. The review discusses the viral factors and cell molecular pathways that affect the resistance of cancer cells to therapy. CMV inhibits apoptosis of tumor cells, that not only promotes tumor progression, but also reduces the sensitivity of cells to antitumor therapy. Autophagy was found to facilitate either cell survival or cell death in different tumor cells. In leukemia cells, HCMV induces a "protective" autophagy that suppresses apoptosis. Viral factors that mediate drug resistance and their interactions with key cell death pathways are necessary to further investigate in order to develop agents that can restore the tumor sensitivity to anticancer drugs.
人类巨细胞病毒（HCMV）的DNA和蛋白质常在恶性肿瘤中被检测到，这使得对HCMV在致癌作用和肿瘤进展中所起作用的研究成为必要。已表明HCMV蛋白可调节肿瘤发生过程中的关键过程。虽然HCMV作为一种致癌因素才刚刚受到关注，但其促进肿瘤进展的能力已得到普遍认可。该综述讨论了影响癌细胞对治疗耐药性的病毒因素和细胞分子途径。CMV抑制肿瘤细胞凋亡，这不仅促进肿瘤进展，还降低细胞对抗肿瘤治疗的敏感性。自噬在不同肿瘤细胞中既能促进细胞存活也能导致细胞死亡。在白血病细胞中，HCMV诱导一种抑制凋亡的“保护性”自噬。为了开发能够恢复肿瘤对抗癌药物敏感性的药物，有必要进一步研究介导耐药性的病毒因素及其与关键细胞死亡途径的相互作用。
