Departamento de Química, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Departamento de Química, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Anal Chim Acta. 2022 Oct 23;1231:340405. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340405. Epub 2022 Sep 22.
Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are considered endocrine disruptors and potential carcinogens. Consequently, efficient and accurate environmental monitoring of trace levels of these organic pollutants is necessary to protect the population against their hazardous effects. Passive sampling techniques have gained notoriety for environmental monitoring and have been proven highly sensitive to temporal variations. This study developed a miniaturized passive sampling device (MPSD) based on hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME). The devices were calibrated in the laboratory using an automated calibration system. The results demonstrated the first-order uptake ranges for Diethyl phthalate (DEP), Diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), Benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP) and Bis(2-ethylhexyl phthalate) (DEHP) between 30 min and 24 h with sampling rates equivalent to 0.009; 0.021; 0.033; 0.085 and 0.003 mL h respectively (R between 0.88 and 0.99). The calibrated devices were deployed in 12 marginal lagoons, stretching approximately 330 km along the main river. The extracts recovered from the devices were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC), resulting in the identification and quantification of DEP (0.697-13.7 ng L), DiBP (0.100-4.43 ng L), DBP (0.014-1.21 ng L), BBP (0.218-5.67 ng L), and DEHP (0.002-2.24 ng L). Despite being frequently identified, DEHP concentrations were well below the maximum established limits, revealing a good water quality in terms of the target PAEs. In contrast, screening the extracts using GCxGC was possible to detect other hazardous pollutants such as pesticides, drugs, and their metabolites. The described device was effective and reliable, providing accurate PAE measurements following short exposure periods. In this sense, its deployment during emergency operations, such as accidental discharges of industrial effluents into natural waters, could continuously and cost-effectively monitor water quality.
邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）被认为是内分泌干扰物和潜在的致癌物质。因此，为了保护人群免受其危害，有必要对这些有机污染物进行高效、准确的痕量环境监测。被动采样技术因其在环境监测中的应用而备受关注，并且已被证明对时间变化非常敏感。本研究基于中空纤维液相微萃取（HF-LPME）开发了一种微型被动采样装置（MPSD）。该装置在实验室中使用自动化校准系统进行校准。结果表明，邻苯二甲酸二乙酯（DEP）、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯（DiBP）、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP）、邻苯二甲酸苄丁酯（BBP）和邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）的一阶吸收范围为 30 分钟至 24 小时，采样速率分别相当于 0.009；0.021；0.033；0.085 和 0.003 mL h（R 为 0.88 至 0.99）。校准后的装置部署在 12 个边缘泻湖中，沿着主要河流延伸约 330 公里。从装置中回收的提取物用气相色谱（GC）进行分析，鉴定和定量了 DEP（0.697-13.7 ng L）、DiBP（0.100-4.43 ng L）、DBP（0.014-1.21 ng L）、BBP（0.218-5.67 ng L）和 DEHP（0.002-2.24 ng L）。尽管 DEHP 经常被检测到，但浓度远低于规定的最高限量，表明目标 PAEs 的水质良好。相比之下，使用 GCxGC 对提取物进行筛选，可以检测到其他危险污染物，如农药、药物及其代谢物。所描述的装置有效且可靠，可在短时间暴露后提供准确的 PAE 测量。在这方面，它在紧急情况下的部署，例如工业废水意外排放到自然水中，可以连续、经济有效地监测水质。
