South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, China.
Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China.
Microbiol Spectr. 2022 Dec 21;10(6):e0275921. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.02759-21. Epub 2022 Oct 12.
Ocean microbiomes provide insightful details about the condition of water and the global impact of marine ecosystems. A fine-scale analysis of ocean microbes may shed light on the dynamics and function of the ocean microbiome community. In this study, we evaluated the changes in the community and function of marine bacteria, protists, and diatoms corresponding to different ocean depths using next-generation sequencing methods. We found that diatoms displayed a potential water-depth pattern in species richness (alpha diversity) and community composition (beta diversity). However, for bacteria and protists, there was no significant relationship between water depth and species richness. This may be related to the biological characteristics of diatoms. The photosynthesis of diatoms and their distribution may be associated with the fluctuating light regime in the underwater climate. Moreover, salinity displayed negative effects on the abundance of some diatom and bacterial groups, which indicates that salinity may be one of the factors restricting ocean microorganism diversity. In addition, compared to the global ocean microbiome composition, function, and antibiotic resistance genes, a water depth pattern due to the fine-scale region was not observed in this study. Fine-scale analysis of ocean microbes provides insights into the dynamics and functions of the ocean microbiome community. Here, using amplicon and metagenome sequencing methods, we found that diatoms in the northern South China Sea displayed a potential water-depth pattern in species richness and community composition, which may be related to their biological characteristics. The potential effects of the differences in geographic sites mainly occurred in the diatom and bacterial communities. Moreover, given the correlation between the environmental factors and relative abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), the study of ocean ARG distribution patterns should integrate the potential effects of environmental factors.
海洋微生物组为了解水质状况和海洋生态系统的全球影响提供了有见地的细节。对海洋微生物的精细分析可能揭示海洋微生物组群落的动态和功能。在这项研究中，我们使用下一代测序方法评估了不同海洋深度下海洋细菌、原生生物和硅藻群落的变化和功能。我们发现，硅藻的物种丰富度（α多样性）和群落组成（β多样性）呈现出潜在的水深模式。然而，对于细菌和原生生物，水深与物种丰富度之间没有显著关系。这可能与硅藻的生物学特性有关。硅藻的光合作用及其分布可能与水下气候中不断变化的光照条件有关。此外，盐度对一些硅藻和细菌群体的丰度产生负面影响，这表明盐度可能是限制海洋微生物多样性的因素之一。此外，与全球海洋微生物组的组成、功能和抗生素抗性基因相比，在本研究中没有观察到由于精细尺度区域而导致的水深模式。海洋微生物的精细分析提供了对海洋微生物组群落动态和功能的深入了解。在这里，我们使用扩增子和宏基因组测序方法发现，南海北部的硅藻在物种丰富度和群落组成方面呈现出潜在的水深模式，这可能与其生物学特性有关。地理差异的潜在影响主要发生在硅藻和细菌群落中。此外，鉴于环境因素与抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）相对丰度之间的相关性，海洋 ARG 分布模式的研究应整合环境因素的潜在影响。
