废弃贝壳作为改性材料对沥青路面性能的影响分析

Fan Guopeng, Liu Honglin, Liu Chaochao, Xue Yanhua, Ju Zihao, Ding Sha, Zhang Yuling, Li Yuanbo

National Engineering Research Center of Highway Maintenance Technology, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China.

Henan Transport Investment Group Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450016, China.

Materials (Basel). 2022 Sep 30;15(19):6788. doi: 10.3390/ma15196788.

An increasing amount of waste seashells in China has caused serious environmental pollution and resource waste. This paper aims to solve these problems by using waste seashells as modified materials to prepare high-performance modified asphalt. In this study, seashell powder (SP) and stratum corneum-exfoliated seashell powder (SCESP) were adopted to prepare 10%, 20% and 30% of seashell powder-modified asphalt (SPMA) and stratum corneum-exfoliated seashell powder-modified asphalt (SCESPMA) by the high-speed shear apparatus, respectively. The appearance and composition of two kinds of SPs were observed and determined by the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The types of functional groups, temperature frequency characteristics, low temperature performance and adhesion of SPMA were tested by the Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), bending beam rheometer (BBR) and contact angle meter. The results show that the SP and SCESP are rough and porous, and their main component is CaCO, which is physically miscible to asphalt. When the loading frequency ranges from 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz, the complex shear modulus (G*) and phase angle (δ) of SPMA and SCESPMA increase and decrease, respectively. At the same load frequency, SCESPMA has a larger G* and a smaller δ than SPMA. At the same temperature, SCESPMA has a larger rutting factor (G*/sin δ) and better high-temperature deformation resistance than SPMA. SP and SCESP reduce the low-temperature cracking resistance of asphalt, of which SCESP has a more adverse effect on the low-temperature performance of asphalt than SP. When SP and SCESP are mixed with asphalt, the cohesion work (), adhesion work () and comprehensive evaluation parameters of water stability (, and ) of asphalt are improved. It is shown that both SP and SCESP have good water damage resistance, of which SCESP has better water damage resistance than SP. These research results have important reference value for the application of waste biological materials in asphalt pavement.

中国日益增多的废弃贝壳造成了严重的环境污染和资源浪费。本文旨在通过将废弃贝壳用作改性材料来制备高性能改性沥青，以解决这些问题。在本研究中，分别采用贝壳粉（SP）和角质层剥落贝壳粉（SCESP），通过高速剪切设备制备了10%、20%和30%的贝壳粉改性沥青（SPMA）和角质层剥落贝壳粉改性沥青（SCESPMA）。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察并确定了两种贝壳粉的外观和组成。利用傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱仪、动态剪切流变仪（DSR）、弯曲梁流变仪（BBR）和接触角测量仪测试了SPMA的官能团类型、温度频率特性、低温性能和粘附性。结果表明，SP和SCESP表面粗糙且多孔，其主要成分是CaCO₃，与沥青物理互溶。当加载频率在0.1Hz至10Hz范围内时，SPMA和SCESPMA的复数剪切模量（G*）和相位角（δ）分别增大和减小。在相同的加载频率下，SCESPMA比SPMA具有更大的G和更小的δ。在相同温度下，SCESPMA比SPMA具有更大的车辙因子（G/sinδ）和更好的高温抗变形能力。SP和SCESP降低了沥青的低温抗裂性能，其中SCESP对沥青低温性能的不利影响比SP更大。当SP和SCESP与沥青混合时，沥青的粘结功（）、粘附功（）和水稳定性综合评价参数（、和）得到改善。结果表明，SP和SCESP均具有良好的抗水损害性能，其中SCESP的抗水损害性能比SP更好。这些研究结果对废弃生物材料在沥青路面中的应用具有重要的参考价值。