School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
School of Minerals and Energy Resources Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 Sep 28;22(19):7400. doi: 10.3390/s22197400.
With the growing number of unintentional interactions occurring in underground mines, Collision Avoidance System (CAS) establishment and maintenance has become an urgent need for mining industries to enhance their risk profile and improve construction safety. Usually, most collision accidents can be divided into three different categories in line with the involved participants and infrastructure condition. The accidents pose a great risk of financial cost to mining companies and even cause casualties. In detail, this paper presents an intensive study survey of positioning techniques, including ranging algorithms, to accommodate the demands of various proximity sensors and improve the capability of situational awareness. Then, we exploit the importance of the communication system, prevalent low-power wide-area technologies and related communication protocols. The effectiveness of communication systems decides and facilitates the success of the final integrated system that can be used to fundamentally address the problem of collision avoidance. For the purpose of collaboration between communication systems and other executive departments, a series of systematic comparisons of pertinent technologies and algorithms is given near the end, followed by a brief discussion on the best choice among these options. In the proposed solution, the overall end-to-end delay can be minimised to a few nanoseconds and the localisation accuracy can achieve centimetre level when operating in the range of 100 m.
随着地下矿山中意外交互的数量不断增加，建立和维护防撞系统 (CAS) 已成为矿业界提高风险状况和改善施工安全的迫切需要。通常，根据涉及的参与者和基础设施状况，大多数碰撞事故可以分为三类。这些事故给矿业公司带来了巨大的财务成本风险，甚至导致人员伤亡。详细地说，本文对定位技术进行了深入的研究调查，包括测距算法，以适应各种接近传感器的需求，并提高态势感知能力。然后，我们利用通信系统的重要性、流行的低功耗广域网技术和相关通信协议。通信系统的有效性决定并促进了最终集成系统的成功，该系统可从根本上解决防撞问题。为了实现通信系统与其他执行部门之间的协作，在最后给出了一系列相关技术和算法的系统比较，并简要讨论了这些选项中的最佳选择。在提出的解决方案中，当在 100 米范围内运行时，整体端到端延迟可以最小化到几纳秒，定位精度可以达到厘米级。
