A wireless sensor network for coal mine safety powered by modified localization algorithm.

Coal mining industry is one of the main source for economy of every nations, whereas safety in the underground coal mining area is still doubtful. According to some reports, there is heavy loss of life and money due to the occasional accidents in the coal mining area. Some existing researchers has been addressed this issue and approached their method. But the limitations are the communication range between the anchor nodes are weak because of its complex infrastructure. In coal mines, gas leaks pose a serious safety risk, often leading to explosions or toxic exposure. Temperature control is difficult due to fluctuating underground conditions, potentially causing heat stress or equipment malfunction. Real-time worker tracking is challenging in these environments, making it harder to monitor safety and respond swiftly to emergencies. To overcome the challenges, the proposed research uses modified precise DV (Distance Vector)-Hop localization algorithm. The data is collected from the nodes and it will generate as anchor nodes and sensor nodes. The proposed research includes some parameters to analyze the abnormal environment characteristics such as network parameters, proposed localization algorithm parameters, simulation parameters, safety monitoring parameters. These parameters helps to send the safety alert to the ground center in case of any emergency such as high temperature, gas leakage, changes in air humidity. The proposed model has the ability to detect all the sensor nodes within the threshold value as well as outside the threshold value. This shows that the proposed model communication range and it accuracy is higher than the existing research. The MATLAB simulation tool is used to enhance the localization of the proposed algorithm where, it is compare the traditional DV-Hop localization algorithm. The proposed algorithm attain high performance accuracy than existing method. The efficiency of the proposed modified precise DV-Hop localization algorithm is evaluated by the simulation outcomes.