, , and Wound Healing Activity of Willd.

METHODS

The methanolic root extract was prepared by maceration, and flavonoids were evaluated by LC/MS. examination was performed based on the LC/MS results, and the binding affinity of these compounds to estrogen receptors (ERs) and was evaluated. Wound healing evaluation in both (NHDF cell line, by 500 g/ml concentration of the extract, 24 h) and (Wistar rat, topical daily treated with 1.5% of the extract ointment, 21 days) conditions in comparison to control groups was conducted. Rats' control groups included silver sulfadiazine, Vaseline, and the nontreated groups.

RESULTS

Eleven flavonoids were detected using LC/MS. The study showed that formononetin, kaempferol-based structures, quercetin-3-O-neohesperidoside, and calycosin-7-O-beta-D-glucoside had a high affinity (<-6.3) to ERs and . Wound closing measurement showed significant improvement in the group treated with the extract in both and assays compared to the control groups. Histopathological results confirmed these findings; inflammation factors decreased, and fibroblast proliferation, fibrosis, and epithelization increased, especially in the extract group.

CONCLUSION

This study shows that has wound healing activity and with low toxicity due to the presence of flavonoids, especially isoflavonoids, which show a high affinity to bind to ERs and in the skin tissue.