Newman B, Caldicott W J, Michelow P
Invest Radiol. 1987 Jul;22(7):608-12. doi: 10.1097/00004424-198707000-00014.
In the immature rabbit, a real-time method for monitoring filtration fraction (FF) to demonstrate acute changes in the kidney's response to intravenous injections of contrast media was used. The renal arteriovenous difference of an agent cleared by the kidney as a pure glomerular filtrate was measured with a gamma detector, and FF was calculated by a computer and displayed on a TV monitor. The effect of FF, arterial pressure (BP), and renal blood flow (RBF) of Renografin-60 and an agent with a much lower osmolality, Iopamidol 300, was examined in anesthetized four-to five-week-old rabbits. Renografin (2 and 4 mL/kg, IV) induced dose-related decreases in FF of 40% and 73%, decreased arterial pressure by 12% and 30%, and at the 4 mL/kg dose increased RBF by 77%. Iopamidol (4 mL/kg) induced a smaller, 41% decrease in FF than the same dose of Renografin (P less than .01), a smaller, 28% increase in RBF (P less than .001), and, unlike Renografin, induced a small increase in BP. Comparison of the magnitude of the reduction of FF induced by a 2-mL/kg IV dose of Renografin in the present immature rabbits with previous results in mature rabbits shows a surprising similarity (P = .33), despite lower resting BP, RBF, and glomerular filtration rate, as well as reduced tubular function in the immature animals.
在未成熟兔中，采用一种监测滤过分数（FF）的实时方法来证明肾脏对静脉注射造影剂反应的急性变化。用γ探测器测量作为纯肾小球滤过液被肾脏清除的一种物质的肾动静脉差值，FF由计算机计算并显示在电视监视器上。在麻醉的4至5周龄兔中，研究了60%泛影葡胺和一种低得多渗透压的药物碘帕醇300对FF、动脉压（BP）和肾血流量（RBF）的影响。60%泛影葡胺（2和4 mL/kg，静脉注射）导致FF剂量相关地降低40%和73%，动脉压降低12%和30%，在4 mL/kg剂量时RBF增加77%。碘帕醇（4 mL/kg）导致FF降低幅度小于相同剂量的60%泛影葡胺（降低41%，P<0.01），RBF增加幅度较小（增加28%，P<0.001），并且与60%泛影葡胺不同，碘帕醇导致BP略有升高。将本研究中未成熟兔静脉注射2 mL/kg剂量60%泛影葡胺引起的FF降低幅度与先前成熟兔的结果进行比较，结果显示出惊人的相似性（P = 0.33），尽管未成熟动物的静息BP、RBF和肾小球滤过率较低，以及肾小管功能降低。
