Almofti Nouman, González-Rubio Soledad, Ballesteros-Gómez Ana, Girela Eloy, Rubio Soledad
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry, Universidad de Córdoba, Anexo Marie Curie, Campus de Rabanales, 14071, Córdoba, Spain.
Section of Forensic and Legal Medicine, Department of Morphological and Sociosanitary Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Córdoba, 14071, Córdoba, Spain.
Anal Bioanal Chem. 2023 May;415(11):2025-2035. doi: 10.1007/s00216-022-04358-z. Epub 2022 Oct 14.
In this work, we optimize and validate a simple, time-saving, and environmentally friendly sample preparation method based on supramolecular solvents (SUPRAS), green nanostructured liquids, for the extraction of selected drug-facilitated sexual assault (DFSA) substances from human urine. The methodology was fast and simple (stirring, centrifugation, and dilution). Cubosomic SUPRAS were formed by the addition of 1,2-hexanediol (200 μL) to 1.0 mL of human urine containing 1 M NaSO. SUPRAS extracts were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. The method was fully validated for 23 DFSA compounds including 10 benzodiazepines, 1 z-hypnotic drug, 5 amphetamine derivatives, 3 cocaine metabolites, and 4 miscellaneous compounds. Extraction efficiency varied between 79 and 119%, and matrix effects were acceptable (-14.3/+21.5) for 87% of the compounds. Method detection and quantification limits ranged from 0.003 to 0.75 ng/mL and from 0.01 to 2.50 ng/mL, respectively. These values were low enough for the established minimum required performance limits (MRPL) of these substances. This simple and green method has a great potential to be implemented for the monitoring of illegal drugs involved in DFSA cases by forensic laboratories.
在本研究中，我们优化并验证了一种基于超分子溶剂（SUPRAS，绿色纳米结构液体）的简单、省时且环保的样品制备方法，用于从人尿中提取选定的药物辅助性侵犯（DFSA）物质。该方法快速简便（搅拌、离心和稀释）。通过向1.0 mL含有1 M NaSO的人尿中加入1,2 -己二醇（200 μL）形成立方相超分子溶剂。超分子溶剂提取物通过液相色谱 - 串联质谱（LC - MS/MS）进行分析。该方法针对23种DFSA化合物进行了全面验证，包括10种苯二氮䓬类药物、1种z - 催眠药物、5种苯丙胺衍生物、3种可卡因代谢物和4种其他化合物。提取效率在79%至119%之间，87%的化合物的基质效应可接受（-14.3/+21.5）。方法检测限和定量限分别为0.003至0.75 ng/mL和0.01至2.50 ng/mL。这些值对于这些物质既定的最低要求性能限度（MRPL）而言足够低。这种简单且绿色的方法在法医实验室监测DFSA案件中涉及的非法药物方面具有很大的应用潜力。
