Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, DE, USA.
Jefo Nutrition Inc., Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.
Poult Sci. 2022 Dec;101(12):102172. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102172. Epub 2022 Sep 9.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and mechanism of action of 2 feed additives in reducing the impacts of virus and temperature stressors. We determined the effects of protected biofactors and antioxidants (P(BF+AOx)), and protected biofactors and antioxidants with protected organic acids and essential oils (P(BF+AOx)+P(OA+EO)) on the immune and metabolic health of Ross 308 broiler chickens. These biofactors and antioxidants were derived from vitamins, and Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae and Bacillus subtilis fermentation extracts. All Ross 308 chickens were exposed to a double-dose of live bronchitis vaccine at d 0 and environmentally challenged by reducing the temperature from 32°C to 20°C at d 3 for 48 h. Control birds were fed without feed additives in the diet. Performance data and jejunum samples were collected to evaluate the effects of these treatments on growth, cytokine expression, and protein phosphorylation via kinome peptide array. ANOVA was used for statistical analysis of the performance and gene expression data (p-value of 0.05), and PIIKA2 was used for statistical evaluation and comparison of the kinome peptide array data. The P(BF plus;AOx) and P(BF+AOx)+P(OA+EO) treatments significantly increased bird weight gain and decreased feed conversion. The kinome peptide array data analysis showed increased activity of cytoskeletal, cell growth and proliferation proteins, and metabolic signaling in the jejunum of P(BF+AOx)+P(OA+EO) treated chickens. There was a significant decrease in IL-6 gene expression in the jejunum of P(BF+AOx)+P(OA+EO) samples compared to control at d 15. P(BF+AOx)+P(OA+EO) treatments in the jejunum showed strong immunomodulatory effects, perhaps to control inflammation. P(BF+AOx)+P(OA+EO) improves gut health via growth and metabolic signaling in the jejunum while inducing stronger immunomodulation.
本研究旨在评估 2 种饲料添加剂在降低病毒和温度应激影响方面的有效性和作用机制。我们测定了保护生物因子和抗氧化剂（P（BF+AOx））以及具有保护有机酸和精油的保护生物因子和抗氧化剂（P（BF+AOx）+P（OA+EO））对罗斯 308 肉鸡免疫和代谢健康的影响。这些生物因子和抗氧化剂源自维生素、黑曲霉、米曲霉和枯草芽孢杆菌发酵提取物。所有的罗斯 308 鸡在第 0 天接受双倍剂量的活支气管炎疫苗，并在第 3 天通过将温度从 32°C 降低到 20°C 持续 48 小时来进行环境挑战。对照鸡在饮食中不添加饲料添加剂。收集性能数据和空肠样本，通过激酶组肽阵列评估这些处理对生长、细胞因子表达和蛋白质磷酸化的影响。采用方差分析对性能和基因表达数据进行统计分析（p 值为 0.05），采用 PIIKA2 对激酶组肽阵列数据进行统计评估和比较。P（BF+AOx）和 P（BF+AOx）+P（OA+EO）处理显著增加了鸡的体重增加，降低了饲料转化率。激酶组肽阵列数据分析显示，P（BF+AOx）+P（OA+EO）处理的鸡空肠中细胞骨架、细胞生长和增殖蛋白以及代谢信号的活性增加。与对照组相比，P（BF+AOx）+P（OA+EO）处理组空肠中 IL-6 基因表达在第 15 天显著降低。P（BF+AOx）+P（OA+EO）处理在空肠中表现出强烈的免疫调节作用，可能是为了控制炎症。P（BF+AOx）+P（OA+EO）通过在空肠中促进生长和代谢信号来改善肠道健康，同时诱导更强的免疫调节作用。
