Engineering Thermodynamics, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands.
Department of Science and Technology, Soft Matter, Fluidics and Interfaces (SFI), University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
J Chem Phys. 2022 Oct 14;157(14):144704. doi: 10.1063/5.0105641.
Nature has been a constant source of inspiration for technological developments. Recently, the study of nature-inspired materials has expanded to the micro- and nanoscale, facilitating new breakthroughs in the design of materials with unique properties. Various types of superhydrophobic surfaces inspired by the lotus/rice leaf are examples of nature-inspired surfaces with special wettability properties. A new class of functional surfaces whose design is inspired by the pitcher plant are the slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPS). This Review summarizes the properties, design criteria, fabrication strategies, and working mechanisms of both surfaces with specific focus on SLIPS. The applications of SLIPS in the field of membrane technology [slippery liquid-infused membranes (SLIMs)] are also reviewed. These membranes are also known as liquid gating membranes due to the gating functionality of the capillary-stabilized liquid in the membrane pores leading to a smart gating mechanism. Similar to the gating ion channels in biological systems, the pores open and close in response to the ambient stimuli, e.g., pressure, temperature, and ions. Different types of stimuli-responsive smart gating membranes are introduced here, and their properties and applications are reviewed in detail. Finally, challenges and perspectives on both SLIPS and smart gating membranes are discussed. This Review provides a thorough discussion and practical applications of nature-inspired functional surfaces and membranes to pave the way for future research and further developments in this emerging field.
自然一直是技术发展的不竭灵感源泉。最近，受自然启发的材料研究已经扩展到了微观和纳米尺度，从而为设计具有独特性能的材料带来了新的突破。受荷叶/水稻叶启发的各种超疏水表面就是具有特殊润湿性的自然启发表面的例子。受猪笼草启发的一类新的功能表面是滑液注入多孔表面（SLIPS）。这篇综述总结了这两种表面的特性、设计标准、制造策略和工作机制，特别关注 SLIPS。还综述了 SLIPS 在膜技术领域的应用[滑液注入膜（SLIMs）]。这些膜也被称为液体门控膜，因为在膜孔中稳定的毛细管液体具有门控功能，从而形成智能门控机制。类似于生物系统中的门控离子通道，这些孔会根据环境刺激（例如压力、温度和离子）打开和关闭。这里介绍了不同类型的响应性智能门控膜，并详细综述了它们的性能和应用。最后，讨论了 SLIPS 和智能门控膜的挑战和前景。本综述对受自然启发的功能表面和膜进行了全面的讨论和实际应用，为这一新兴领域的未来研究和进一步发展铺平了道路。
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