Molecular detection and identification of three intracellular parasites of retail mutton products in Beijing, China.

spp., and are globally ubiquitous pathogens, and domestic sheep are considered to be one of the intermediate hosts. 83 myocardial samples of sheep were collected from 12 retail stores in Beijing, China. spp., and were identified by PCR amplification of the 18S rRNA gene, Nc-5 gene and 529bp DNA fragment with a prevalence of 86.7% (95% CI: 77.5-93.2) and 43.4% (95% CI: 32.5-54.7) for spp. and infections, respectively, and no was detected. The co-infection prevalence of and was 38.6% (95% CI: 28.1-49.9). Two species were subtyped by analyzing 18SrRNA sequences and were identified as and . The prevalence of and infections was 84.3% (95% CI: 74.7-91.4) and 56.6% (95% CI: 45.3-67.5), respectively. This study shows that sheep have a high risk of infection with and , suggests that effective prevention measures are needed to avoid the spread of these parasites in sheep. Toxoplasmosis in sheep poses a threat to human and animal health and requires monitoring and preventing continuously.