Umurzakov Khussan Talipbayevich, Shalgumbayeva Gulnar Metallovna, Kaydarova Dilyara Radikovna, Smail Yerbol, Ibrayev Askar, Sagidullin Sayan Oralchanovich, Semenova Yuliya Mikhailovna
Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan.
Iran J Public Health. 2022 Aug;51(8):1807-1816. doi: 10.18502/ijph.v51i8.10265.
Epidemiology of male reproductive cancers (MRC) is relatively well studied in developed world nations, but little is known about Central Asian states. We aimed to analyze the changing trends for incidence, mortality and 5-year survival MRC across provinces of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
This was a retrospective cohort study based on data obtained from the Kazakhstan Cancer Registry, which serves as a nationwide database for all histologically confirmed cancer cases. From this, information on all male patients with prostate (PCa) and testicular cancers (TCa) was retrieved for the period from 2010 to 2019. The statistical analysis of official data on incidence, survival, and mortality rates was performed for both the whole country and its provinces.
There was a substantial instability of PCa incidence rates, attributed to the execution of screening program from 2013 to 2017. Still, there was a lack of variations in TCa incidence rates. However, PCa screening program had no influence on reduction of mortality rates, which remained relatively stable. There is much heterogeneity between country's provinces in incidence and mortality rates. TCa patients were younger than PCa patients and had better 5-year survival.
As compared with many other countries, Kazakhstani men with PCa and TCa have poorer five-year survival, which requires further investigation. Moreover, a careful analysis of diagnostic and treatment strategies utilized at different hospitals across the country would be highly desirable.
在发达国家，男性生殖系统癌症（MRC）的流行病学研究相对充分，但对于中亚国家却知之甚少。我们旨在分析哈萨克斯坦共和国各省份MRC的发病率、死亡率及5年生存率的变化趋势。
这是一项基于哈萨克斯坦癌症登记处数据的回顾性队列研究，该登记处是所有经组织学确诊癌症病例的全国性数据库。从中检索了2010年至2019年期间所有前列腺癌（PCa）和睾丸癌（TCa）男性患者的信息。对全国及其各省份的发病率、生存率和死亡率官方数据进行了统计分析。
由于2013年至2017年实施的筛查计划，PCa发病率存在显著波动。不过，TCa发病率缺乏变化。然而，PCa筛查计划对死亡率降低没有影响，死亡率保持相对稳定。该国各省份在发病率和死亡率方面存在很大异质性。TCa患者比PCa患者年轻，5年生存率更高。
与许多其他国家相比，哈萨克斯坦患PCa和TCa的男性5年生存率较低，这需要进一步调查。此外，非常有必要对全国不同医院采用的诊断和治疗策略进行仔细分析。
