School of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
Centre of Emergency Management and Humanitarian Action, International Academy of the Red Cross and Red Crescent, Suzhou, China.
Front Public Health. 2022 Sep 29;10:1003362. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1003362. eCollection 2022.
Since the outbreak of COVID-19, wearing masks, vaccinations, and maintaining a safe distance has become social behaviors advocated by the government and widely adopted by the public. At the same time, unpredictable natural disaster risks brought by extreme climate change compound difficulties during epidemics and cause systemic risks that influence the existing pattern of epidemic prevention. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the effect of natural disaster risk caused by climate change on the response to outbreaks in the context of the COVID-19 epidemic. This study will focus on individual-level epidemic prevention behaviors, taking as an example the significant risk of severe destructive flooding caused by heavy rains in Henan, China, on July 20, 2021, which claimed 398 lives, to explore the effect of floods on the preventive behaviors of residents in the hardest hit areas against COVID-19. Through the multi-stage stratified random sampling of the affected residents in Zhengzhou, Xinxiang, Hebi, Luoyang, Anyang, and other cities in Henan Province, 2,744 affected people were surveyed via questionnaires. Through the linear regression model and moderating effect analysis, the study found that after floods, the individual's flood risk perception and response behaviors significantly correlated with the individual's prevention behaviors against COVID-19. Specifically, both flood risk perception and response behaviors strengthened the individual's prevention behaviors. Furthermore, the study also found that community risk preparation behavior and social capital can moderate the above relationship to a certain extent. The research can guide risk communication under the compound risk scenario and prevent risky public behavior under the consistent presence of COVID-19 in the community.
自 COVID-19 爆发以来，佩戴口罩、接种疫苗和保持安全距离已成为政府倡导的社会行为，并被公众广泛采用。与此同时，气候变化带来的不可预测的自然灾害风险加剧了疫情期间的困难，并造成了影响现有防疫模式的系统性风险。因此，有必要在 COVID-19 疫情背景下探讨气候变化导致的自然灾害风险对疫情应对的影响。本研究将聚焦于个体层面的疫情防控行为，以中国河南省 2021 年 7 月 20 日因暴雨引发的严重破坏性洪灾这一重大风险为例，探讨洪水对受灾最严重地区居民 COVID-19 预防行为的影响。通过对河南省郑州市、新乡市、鹤壁市、洛阳市、安阳市等受灾居民的多阶段分层随机抽样，采用问卷调查的方式对 2744 名受灾者进行了调查。通过线性回归模型和调节效应分析，研究发现，洪灾后，个体的洪水风险感知和应对行为与个体的 COVID-19 预防行为显著相关。具体而言，洪水风险感知和应对行为均增强了个体的预防行为。此外，研究还发现，社区风险准备行为和社会资本在一定程度上可以调节上述关系。该研究可以指导复合风险情景下的风险沟通，并防止 COVID-19 在社区中持续存在时出现危险的公众行为。
