School of Nursing & School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
Nagano College of Nursing, Komagane, Japan.
Front Public Health. 2022 Sep 28;10:990295. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.990295. eCollection 2022.
The increase in empty-nest elderly individuals with chronic diseases poses a major challenge to the provision of public health services in China. Telenursing can effectively relieve the pressure of public health services to a certain extent. This study aims to explore the telenursing needs of empty-nest elderly individuals with chronic diseases based on the Kano model to provide references for improving the quality of telenursing.
Participants were selected from five rural communities and five urban communities in Yangzhou and Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China. A total of 348 empty-nest elderly individuals with chronic diseases were included. The participants received a sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire, and their telenursing needs were surveyed and analyzed based on the Kano model.
Of the 15 quality attributes evaluated by the participants, 3 telenursing services were categorized as "must-be quality", 5 were categorized as "one-dimensional quality", 5 were categorized as "attractive quality", and 2 were categorized as "indifferent quality". The proportion of individuals who desired telenursing services ranged from 47.41 to 83.62%, the better values (satisfaction) ranged from 35.29-83.98%, and the worse values (dissatisfaction) ranged from 10.91 to 63.27%. There were no significant differences in any items of telenursing needs for between participants in Yangzhou and Nantong (all > 0.05), and there were also no significant differences in all items between rural and urban communities (all > 0.05).
Based on the Kano model, it was found that empty-nest elderly individuals with chronic diseases had a positive attitude toward telenursing and that they had different levels of need for different telenursing services. These findings provided a theoretical basis for medical decision-makers to formulate medical policies and provided a scientific foundation for nursing managers to improve telenursing services to meet the needs of the empty-nest elderly individuals with chronic diseases.
慢性病空巢老人数量的增加给中国公共卫生服务带来了巨大挑战。远程护理在一定程度上可以有效缓解公共卫生服务的压力。本研究旨在基于 Kano 模型探讨慢性病空巢老人的远程护理需求，为提高远程护理质量提供参考。
研究对象选自江苏省扬州市和南通市的 5 个农村社区和 5 个城市社区，共纳入 348 名慢性病空巢老人。采用一般资料问卷对其进行调查，基于 Kano 模型对其远程护理需求进行调查分析。
在参与者评估的 15 个质量属性中，有 3 项远程护理服务被归类为“必须具备的质量”，5 项被归类为“一维质量”，5 项被归类为“魅力质量”，2 项被归类为“无关质量”。希望提供远程护理服务的个体比例为 47.41%83.62%，更好的价值（满意度）范围为 35.29%83.98%，更差的价值（不满意度）范围为 10.91%~63.27%。扬州和南通的参与者在远程护理需求的任何项目上均无显著差异（均>0.05），农村和城市社区之间在所有项目上也无显著差异（均>0.05）。
基于 Kano 模型发现，慢性病空巢老人对远程护理持积极态度，对不同的远程护理服务有不同程度的需求。这些发现为医疗决策者制定医疗政策提供了理论依据，为护理管理者改善远程护理服务以满足慢性病空巢老人的需求提供了科学依据。
