饲喂刺槐豆粉对肉鸡生长性能、肠道微生物区系、胴体特性和肉质的影响。
Effect of feeding carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) pulp powder to broiler chicken on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, carcass traits, and meat quality.
机构信息
Department of Agronomic Sciences, University of Mohamed Boudiaf, PB-166 Msila 28000, Algeria; Institute of Applied Science and Technology, University of Saâd Dahlab, Blida, Algeria.
Department of Biotechnology, University of Saâd Dahlab, Blida, Algeria.
出版信息
Poult Sci. 2022 Dec;101(12):102186. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102186. Epub 2022 Sep 21.
In this study, the influence of a partial substitution of corn with carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) pulp powder on broiler performance, intestinal microbiota, carcass traits, and meat quality, was investigated. Two dietary treatments were compared: the control group received a diet containing basically corn, soybean meal, and wheat bran for all the breeding periods while the experimental group received the same starter diet as the control group and grower and finisher diets containing 3% and 7% of carob pulp powder, respectively. Growth performance (weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio), carcass traits, lactic acid bacteria, and total coliforms were determined. Physicochemical parameters, proximate composition, fatty acid profiles, lipid oxidation index, and sensory characteristics of broiler thigh and breast muscles were determined. Dietary supplementation with carob pulp powder did not show an effect (P > 0.05) on growth performance and carcass traits except for slaughter yield and breast relative weight. An increase in sum lactic acid bacteria count and a decrease in total coliforms were observed in the experimental group. No effect (P > 0.05) of dietary carob was observed on pH, cooking losses, ash, mineral, and protein contents in breast and thigh muscles from broilers. However, the experimental diet decreased (P < 0.05) moisture and fat contents in thigh muscles but not in breast muscles. Both muscles from the experimental group of birds exhibited lower palmitic and oleic acids contents, and higher linoleic and linolenic acids levels than those from the control group. Whereas the polyunsaturated fatty acid contents in broiler breast and thigh meat was increased by dietary carob, the concentration of lipid oxidation products decreased in this group. The dietary intervention had no significant effect on the sensory profile of breast and thigh muscles. Thus, carob pulp powder can be applied to broiler diet at 7% as a nonconventional feed with no negative impact on growth performance and carcass traits and to increase the degree of unsaturation with no negative impact on oxidative stability or sensory traits.
本研究旨在探讨用角豆（Ceratonia siliqua L.）果肉粉部分替代玉米对肉鸡生产性能、肠道微生物群、胴体特性和肉质的影响。比较了两种日粮处理：对照组在整个饲养期内均接受含有基本玉米、豆粕和麦麸的日粮，而实验组在接受与对照组相同的基础日粮的同时，在生长期和育肥期日粮中分别添加 3%和 7%的角豆果肉粉。测定了生长性能（体重增加、采食量和饲料转化率）、胴体特性、乳酸菌和总大肠菌群。测定了肉鸡胸肌和腿肌的理化参数、常规成分、脂肪酸谱、脂质氧化指数和感官特性。角豆果肉粉日粮补充并未显示出对生长性能和胴体特性的影响（P＞0.05），除了屠宰产率和胸肌相对重量。实验组总乳酸菌计数增加，总大肠菌群数减少。日粮中添加角豆对肉鸡胸肌和腿肌的 pH 值、蒸煮损失、灰分、矿物质和蛋白质含量无影响。然而，实验组日粮降低了腿肌的水分和脂肪含量（P＜0.05），但对胸肌无影响。实验组鸟类的胸肌和腿肌中的棕榈酸和油酸含量较低，亚油酸和亚麻酸含量较高。尽管日粮中添加角豆增加了肉鸡胸肌和腿肌的多不饱和脂肪酸含量，但降低了脂质氧化产物的浓度。日粮干预对胸肌和腿肌的感官特性没有显著影响。因此，角豆果肉粉可以以 7%的比例应用于肉鸡日粮中，作为一种非常规饲料，对生长性能和胴体特性没有负面影响，并增加不饱和程度，而对氧化稳定性或感官特性没有负面影响。
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