Ncho Chris Major, Gupta Vaishali, Goel Akshat, Jeong Chae-Mi, Jung Ji-Young, Ha Si-Young, Eom Jeong-Uk, Yang Han-Sul, Yang Jae-Kyung, Choi Yang-Ho
Division of Animal Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea.
Division of Animal Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Four Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea.
Poult Sci. 2025 May;104(5):105088. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2025.105088. Epub 2025 Mar 22.
The chicken's gastrointestinal tract is home to complex and diverse microbial communities that can be manipulated to enhance health and productivity. Although polyphenols have recently attracted the attention of researchers due to their potent antioxidant capabilities, their impact on the gut microbiota remains largely unexplored. Hence, in this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the effects of dietary supplementation with polyphenol-rich extract from shredded, steam-exploded pine particles (PSPP) on growth, meat quality, and gut microbial dynamics in broiler chickens. Supplementation of PSPP was found to significantly improve birds' FCR until the third week of the trial but only marginally affected meat quality. Based on metataxonomic analyses of the cecal microbiotas of broilers fed increasing concentrations of PSPP, dietary PSPP modulated the composition of the cecal microbiota of the birds with a concomitant increase of Bacteroidetes and a decrease in the Firmicutes population. Similar trends were observed for the proportions of Alistipes and Faecalibacterium at the genus level. Additionally, 43 unique bacterial species were detected in the cecal microbiome of birds fed with PSPP. However, microbial diversity did not vary significantly among treatment groups. A particularly interesting finding was the specialization observed in the microbiome of birds receiving PSPP supplementation. Microbial co-occurrence network analyses revealed substantial modifications in their network structure when compared to control birds. Families like Rikenellaceae and Eubacteriaceae were notably absent, and the number of microbial interactions was drastically lower in the PSPP-fed group. Microbial taxa modeling revealed that the impact of increasing dietary PSPP levels primarily affected genus-level taxa, showing a decreasing trend. Overall, this offers compelling evidence that continuous PSPP supplementation may not only alter the composition of intestinal microbes but also have a profound effect on the interactions among different microbial species. Conversely, PSPP had minimal effects on broilers' performance and meat quality.
鸡的胃肠道中存在复杂多样的微生物群落，可通过调控这些群落来提高鸡的健康水平和生产性能。尽管多酚类物质因其强大的抗氧化能力最近受到了研究人员的关注，但其对肠道微生物群的影响仍 largely 未被探索。因此，在本研究中，我们对添加富含多酚的粉碎、蒸汽爆破松木颗粒提取物（PSPP）的日粮对肉鸡生长、肉质和肠道微生物动态的影响进行了全面分析。结果发现，在试验的第三周之前，添加 PSPP 能显著改善鸡的饲料转化率，但对肉质的影响较小。基于对饲喂不同浓度 PSPP 的肉鸡盲肠微生物群的宏分类分析，日粮中的 PSPP 调节了鸡盲肠微生物群的组成，同时伴随着拟杆菌门的增加和厚壁菌门数量的减少。在属水平上，阿利斯杆菌属和粪杆菌属的比例也观察到了类似趋势。此外，在饲喂 PSPP 的鸡的盲肠微生物组中检测到 43 种独特的细菌物种。然而，各处理组之间的微生物多样性没有显著差异。一个特别有趣的发现是在接受 PSPP 补充的鸡的微生物组中观察到的专业化现象。微生物共现网络分析显示，与对照鸡相比，它们的网络结构有显著改变。诸如理研菌科和真杆菌科等科明显缺失，并且在饲喂 PSPP 的组中微生物相互作用的数量大幅减少。微生物分类群建模显示，日粮中 PSPP 水平增加的影响主要作用于属水平的分类群，呈现下降趋势。总体而言，这提供了令人信服的证据，表明持续补充 PSPP 不仅可能改变肠道微生物的组成，而且对不同微生物物种之间的相互作用有深远影响。相反，PSPP 对肉鸡的生长性能和肉质影响最小。
