Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.
Student Health Services, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.
J Diet Suppl. 2023;20(6):870-884. doi: 10.1080/19390211.2022.2134532. Epub 2022 Oct 18.
The relationship between intake of dietary supplements and biomarkers such as insulin and insulin-like growth factor has not been well explored. The primary aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the associations between supplement intake and biological and lifestyle factors. We hypothesized that dietary supplement intake was associated with healthier lifestyle behaviors. College students attending a Southeast university were recruited between January 2018 and April 2019. Blood samples were collected to measure insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Statistical tests employed were linear regression and analysis of variance. Ninety-eight participants completed the study and 91% reported taking at least one supplement, while 5.1% reported taking 9+ supplements once per week. There were no differences in levels of insulin, IGF-1 and ALT by levels of dietary supplement intake. Although there were no differences in HEI-2015 score among the groups, those who consumed five or more supplements met a higher percentage of the recommended intake for fruits, performed aerobic exercise for longer duration, and had lower body fat percentage compared to participants who consumed two or less supplements at least once per week. These findings are consistent with previous studies and suggest that dietary supplement intake is highly prevalent in college students, and it may be related to healthy lifestyle behaviors. Future studies should employ mixed methodology to examine reasons by which college students consume dietary supplements and to assess perceived and direct health benefits associated with consumption.
膳食补充剂的摄入与胰岛素和胰岛素样生长因子等生物标志物之间的关系尚未得到充分探索。本横断面研究的主要目的是调查补充剂摄入与生物和生活方式因素之间的关联。我们假设膳食补充剂的摄入与更健康的生活方式行为有关。2018 年 1 月至 2019 年 4 月，在一所东南大学招募了大学生。采集血样以测量胰岛素、胰岛素样生长因子 1（IGF-1）和丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）。采用线性回归和方差分析进行统计检验。98 名参与者完成了研究，91%的人报告至少服用了一种补充剂，而 5.1%的人报告每周至少服用 9 种补充剂一次。按膳食补充剂摄入量的不同，胰岛素、IGF-1 和 ALT 的水平没有差异。虽然各组的 HEI-2015 评分没有差异，但与每周至少服用两种补充剂的参与者相比，服用五种或更多补充剂的参与者摄入水果的推荐量更高，进行有氧运动的时间更长，体脂百分比更低。这些发现与以前的研究一致，表明膳食补充剂的摄入在大学生中非常普遍，可能与健康的生活方式行为有关。未来的研究应采用混合方法来研究大学生服用膳食补充剂的原因，并评估与服用相关的感知和直接健康益处。
