Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410004, China; Laboratory of Environmental Protection Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
China Machinery International Engineering Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd, Changsha 410007, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Jan 20;857(Pt 2):159462. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159462. Epub 2022 Oct 17.
The novel biological nitrogen removal process has been extensively studied for its high nitrogen removal efficiency, energy efficiency, and greenness. A successful novel biological nitrogen removal process has a stable microecological equilibrium and benign interactions between the various functional bacteria. However, changes in the external environment can easily disrupt the dynamic balance of the microecology and affect the activity of functional bacteria in the novel biological nitrogen removal process. Therefore, this review focuses on the microecology in existing the novel biological nitrogen removal process, including the growth characteristics of functional microorganisms and their interactions, together with the effects of different influencing factors on the evolution of microbial communities. This provides ideas for achieving a stable dynamic balance of the microecology in a novel biological nitrogen removal process. Furthermore, to investigate deeply the mechanisms of microbial interactions in novel biological nitrogen removal process, this review also focuses on the influence of quorum sensing (QS) systems on nitrogen removal microbes, regulated by which bacteria secrete acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) as signaling molecules to regulate microbial ecology in the novel biological nitrogen removal process. However, the mechanisms of action of AHLs on the regulation of functional bacteria have not been fully determined and the composition of QS system circuits requires further investigation. Meanwhile, it is necessary to further apply molecular analysis techniques and the theory of systems ecology in the future to enhance the exploration of microbial species and ecological niches, providing a deeper scientific basis for the development of a novel biological nitrogen removal process.
新型生物脱氮工艺因其具有高效脱氮、节能和环保等优点而得到了广泛的研究。一个成功的新型生物脱氮工艺具有稳定的微生态平衡和各种功能细菌之间良性的相互作用。然而，外部环境的变化容易破坏微生态学的动态平衡，影响新型生物脱氮工艺中功能细菌的活性。因此，本综述重点介绍了新型生物脱氮工艺中的微生态学，包括功能微生物的生长特性及其相互作用，以及不同影响因素对微生物群落演变的影响。这为实现新型生物脱氮工艺中微生态学的稳定动态平衡提供了思路。此外，为了深入研究新型生物脱氮工艺中微生物相互作用的机制，本综述还重点关注了群体感应（QS）系统对脱氮微生物的影响，细菌通过群体感应系统分泌酰基高丝氨酸内酯（AHLs）作为信号分子，调节新型生物脱氮工艺中的微生物生态学。然而，AHLs 对功能细菌的调节作用机制尚未完全确定，QS 系统电路的组成需要进一步研究。同时，未来有必要进一步应用分子分析技术和系统生态学理论，加强对微生物物种和生态位的探索，为新型生物脱氮工艺的发展提供更深入的科学依据。
