冲动性和奖励敏感性特征对儿童体重变化的预测作用：暴食障碍诊断状态的差异。
Impulsivity and reward sensitivity facets as predictors of weight change in children: Differences by binge-eating disorder diagnostic status.
机构信息
Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, California State University, Northridge, California, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
出版信息
Pediatr Obes. 2023 Feb;18(2):e12987. doi: 10.1111/ijpo.12987. Epub 2022 Oct 19.
BACKGROUND
Impulsivity and reward sensitivity are personality traits associated with obesity and binge-eating disorder (BED), but little research has examined prospective associations between these traits and body mass index z-score (BMI-z) differentially for children with and without BED.
OBJECTIVE
Using data from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development study, the present analysis examined predictive associations between impulsivity and reward sensitivity facets with BMI-z 1 year later in children with versus without BED.
METHODS
Nine-to-ten-year-old children were recruited across the United States and completed self-report questionnaires and clinical interviews at baseline, and height and weight were taken at baseline and 1-year follow-up. Multivariable models were run with baseline impulsivity and reward sensitivity facets predicting 1-year BMI-z in children with versus without BED.
RESULTS
Reward sensitivity and impulsivity were unrelated to BMI-z at follow-up in children without BED. Greater negative urgency (i.e., proclivity to act rashly without forethought in response to negative emotions) and lower positive urgency (i.e., proclivity to act rashly without forethought due to positive emotions) predicted increased BMI-z at 1-year follow-up in children with BED subsample.
CONCLUSIONS
Findings indicate the importance of developing theoretical models and interventions for obesity prevention in children with BED that address emotional impulsivity.
背景
冲动性和奖励敏感性是与肥胖和暴食障碍（BED）相关的人格特质，但很少有研究检查这些特质与体重指数 z 分数（BMI-z）之间的前瞻性关联，这些关联在有无 BED 的儿童中存在差异。
目的
本分析使用青少年大脑与认知发展研究的数据，检查了冲动性和奖励敏感性特征与 BMI-z 之间的预测关联，这些关联在有无 BED 的儿童中 1 年后出现。
方法
在美国各地招募了 9 至 10 岁的儿童，他们在基线时完成了自我报告问卷和临床访谈，并在基线和 1 年随访时测量了身高和体重。在有无 BED 的儿童中，使用基线冲动性和奖励敏感性特征预测 1 年后 BMI-z 的多变量模型。
结果
在无 BED 的儿童中，奖励敏感性和冲动性与随访时的 BMI-z 无关。在 BED 亚组的儿童中，更大的负性冲动（即，在对负面情绪做出反应时，不考虑后果而冲动行事的倾向）和较低的正性冲动（即，由于积极情绪而不考虑后果而冲动行事的倾向）预测了 1 年后 BMI-z 的增加。
结论
研究结果表明，对于有 BED 的儿童，需要制定理论模型和干预措施来预防肥胖，这些措施需要解决情绪冲动问题。
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