Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George St., New Haven, CT 06511, United States of America.
Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George St., New Haven, CT 06511, United States of America; Connecticut Mental Health Center, 34 Park St., New Haven, CT 06511, United States of America; Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, 100 Great Meadow Rd, Wethersfield, CT 06109, United States of America; Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, 230 S Frontage Rd., New Haven, CT 06519, United States of America; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, One Church Street, New Haven, CT 06510, United States of America.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2021 Aug 30;110:110318. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110318. Epub 2021 Mar 29.
Binge eating disorder (BED) often includes impulsive and compulsive behaviors related to eating behavior and food. Impulsivity and compulsivity generally may contribute to the etiology and maintenance of multiple psychiatric disorders including BED. This review aimed to identify and synthesize available behavioral studies of impulsivity and compulsivity among individuals with BED.
A systematic search was performed focusing on BED and specific facets of impulsivity (rapid response and choice) and compulsivity (set-shifting, cognitive flexibility, and/or habit learning). All case-control studies comparing adults with either full-threshold or subthreshold BED to individuals with normal weight, overweight/obesity, or other eating disorders (e.g., bulimia nervosa) were included.
Thirty-two studies representing 29 unique samples met inclusion criteria. Increased choice impulsivity was observed among individuals with BED relative to individuals with normal weight. There were mixed findings and/or a lack of available evidence regarding rapid response impulsivity and compulsivity. The presence of between-group differences was not dependent on sample characteristics (e.g., full or sub threshold BED diagnosis, or treatment-seeking status). Heterogeneity relating to covariates, task methodologies, and power limited conclusions.
Literature supports a postive association between choice impulsivity and BED. More research is needed to determine if individuals with BED demonstrate elevated levels of either rapid response impulsivity or types of compulsivity. Careful selection of covariates and consideration of task methodologies and power would aid future research.
暴食障碍（BED）通常包括与进食行为和食物相关的冲动和强迫行为。冲动和强迫通常可能导致包括 BED 在内的多种精神障碍的病因和维持。本综述旨在确定和综合目前关于 BED 个体的冲动和强迫性行为的研究。
系统检索集中于 BED 以及冲动（快速反应和选择）和强迫（思维转换、认知灵活性和/或习惯学习）的特定方面。所有病例对照研究都将具有全阈值或亚阈值 BED 的成年人与体重正常、超重/肥胖或其他饮食障碍（例如神经性贪食症）的个体进行了比较。
符合纳入标准的 32 项研究代表了 29 个独特的样本。与体重正常的个体相比，BED 个体表现出更高的选择冲动性。关于快速反应冲动性和强迫性，存在混合的发现和/或缺乏可用的证据。组间差异的存在不依赖于样本特征（例如，全阈值或亚阈值 BED 诊断或寻求治疗的状态）。与协变量、任务方法学和功效相关的异质性限制了结论。
文献支持选择冲动性与 BED 之间存在正相关。需要更多的研究来确定是否 BED 个体表现出更高水平的快速反应冲动性或强迫性类型。仔细选择协变量，并考虑任务方法学和功效，将有助于未来的研究。
