Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Centre for Sexuality and Health Research and Policy, Chennai, India.
Front Public Health. 2022 Oct 3;10:994206. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.994206. eCollection 2022.
COVID-19 vaccination of the healthcare workers (HCWs) is a key priority in the fight against the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. India launched its COVID-19 vaccination program in January 2021. We aimed to understand the trends in willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccines and its associated factors among HCWs in India.
Using a repeated cross-sectional survey design, we collected information from HCWs in three critical time points: before ( = 937, October 2020), during ( = 1346, January 2021); and after ( = 812, May 2021) the introduction of COVID-19 vaccines in India. The third survey coincided with the peak of the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic in India.
Of the study participants, 43.7, 60.2, and 73.2% were willing to receive COVID-19 vaccines during the first, second and third rounds of surveys, respectively. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, participants who trusted the health care system were more likely to report willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine; medical trust emerged as a significant factor in all the three rounds of surveys (First survey-aOR: 2.24, 95% CI: 1.67-2.99; Second survey-aOR: 3.38, 95% CI: 2.64-4.33; Third survey-aOR: 2.54, 95% CI: 1.65-3.91). Having confidence in domestic vaccines (Second survey-aOR: 2.21, 95% CI: 1.61-3.02; Third survey-aOR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.24-3.37); and high perceived risk of contracting COVID-19 (Second survey-aOR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.13-1.93; Third survey-aOR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.31-3.13) were found to be associated with willingness to receive vaccines. Among socio-demographic characteristics, being married (aOR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.08-2.71) and having high socio-economic status (aOR: 3.01, 95% CI: 1.65-5.51) emerged as significant factors associated with willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccines in the third round of the surveys.
Willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine increased with time, as the severity of the pandemic increased. To increase COVID-19 acceptance and coverage among HCWs, it is important to instill confidence in domestic vaccines and assist in accurate assessment of risk toward contracting COVID-19 infection.
医护人员（HCWs）的 COVID-19 疫苗接种是抗击 SARS-CoV-2 大流行的重点。印度于 2021 年 1 月启动了 COVID-19 疫苗接种计划。我们旨在了解印度 HCWs 对 COVID-19 疫苗的接种意愿及其相关因素的趋势。
使用重复的横截面调查设计，我们在三个关键时间点从 HCWs 收集信息：在（=937，2020 年 10 月）引入 COVID-19 疫苗之前；在（=1346，2021 年 1 月）期间；在（=812，2021 年 5 月）之后。第三次调查恰逢印度 COVID-19 第二波大流行的高峰期。
在研究参与者中，分别有 43.7%、60.2%和 73.2%在第一轮、第二轮和第三轮调查中表示愿意接种 COVID-19 疫苗。在多变量逻辑回归分析中，信任医疗保健系统的参与者更有可能报告愿意接种 COVID-19 疫苗；医疗信任是所有三轮调查中的一个重要因素（第一轮调查-aOR：2.24，95%CI：1.67-2.99；第二轮调查-aOR：3.38，95%CI：2.64-4.33；第三轮调查-aOR：2.54，95%CI：1.65-3.91）。对国产疫苗有信心（第二轮调查-aOR：2.21，95%CI：1.61-3.02；第三轮调查-aOR：2.05，95%CI：1.24-3.37）；并且认为感染 COVID-19 的风险很高（第二轮调查-aOR：1.48，95%CI：1.13-1.93；第三轮调查-aOR：2.02，95%CI：1.31-3.13）与愿意接种疫苗有关。在社会人口统计学特征中，已婚（aOR：1.71，95%CI：1.08-2.71）和高社会经济地位（aOR：3.01，95%CI：1.65-5.51）是与第三轮调查中愿意接种 COVID-19 疫苗相关的重要因素。
随着大流行的严重程度增加，对 COVID-19 疫苗的接种意愿也随之增加。为了提高 HCWs 对 COVID-19 的接受度和覆盖率，重要的是要树立对国产疫苗的信心，并协助对感染 COVID-19 风险进行准确评估。
