CREATE (Centre for Research in Advanced Therapeutic Engineering) and BioExplore, Department of Biological Sciences, Munster Technological University (MTU), Rossa Avenue, Bishopstown, Co. Cork, T12 P928, Ireland.
Department of Physical Sciences, Munster Technological University (MTU), Rossa Avenue, Bishopstown, Co. Cork, T12 P928, Ireland.
Sci Rep. 2022 Oct 20;12(1):17582. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-16873-1.
Knowledge of element concentrations in botanical extracts is relevant to assure consumer protection given the increased interest in plant-based ingredients. This study demonstrates successful multi-element investigations in order to address the lack of comprehensive profiling data for botanical extracts, while reporting for the first time the metallomic profile(s) of arnica, bush vetch, sweet cicely, yellow rattle, bogbean, rock-tea and tufted catchfly. Key element compositions were quantified using a validated HR-ICP-SFMS method (µg kg) and were found highly variable between the different plants: Lithium (18-3964); Beryllium (3-121); Molybdenum (75-4505); Cadmium (5-325); Tin (6-165); Barium (747-4646); Platinum (2-33); Mercury (5-30); Thallium (3-91); Lead (12-4248); Bismuth (2-30); Titanium (131-5827); Vanadium (15-1758); Chromium (100-4534); Cobalt (21-652); Nickel (230-6060) and Copper (1910-6340). Compendial permissible limits were not exceeded. Overall, no evidence of a health risk to consumers could be determined from consumption of the investigated plants at reasonable intake rates. Mathematical risk modelling (EDI, CDI, HQ, HI) estimated levels above safe oral thresholds only for Cd (16%) and Pb (8%) from higher intakes of the respective plant-derived material. Following high consumption of certain plants, 42% of the samples were categorised as potentially unsafe due to cumulative exposure to Cu, Cd, Hg and Pb. PCA suggested a potential influence of post-harvest processing on Cr, Ti and V levels in commercially-acquired plant material compared to wild-collected and farm-grown plants. Moreover, a strong correlation was observed between Pb-Bi, Be-V, Bi-Sn, and Tl-Mo occurrence. This study may support future research by providing both robust methodology and accompanying reference profile(s) suitable for the quality evaluation of essential elements and/or metal contaminants in botanical ingredients.
鉴于人们对植物性成分的兴趣日益增加，了解植物提取物中的元素浓度对于保障消费者安全至关重要。本研究成功地进行了多元素研究，以解决植物提取物缺乏全面分析数据的问题，并首次报告了山金车、野豌豆、甜牛至、黄酸模、獐耳细辛、贯叶金丝桃和垂序商陆的金属组学图谱。使用经过验证的高分辨率电感耦合等离子体质谱法（HR-ICP-SFMS）（µg kg）对关键元素组成进行定量分析，结果表明不同植物之间的元素组成差异很大：锂（18-3964）；铍（3-121）；钼（75-4505）；镉（5-325）；锡（6-165）；钡（747-4646）；铂（2-33）；汞（5-30）；铊（3-91）；铅（12-4248）；铋（2-30）；钛（131-5827）；钒（15-1758）；铬（100-4534）；钴（21-652）；镍（230-6060）和铜（1910-6340）。没有超过法定限量。总体而言，从合理摄入量摄入研究植物不会对消费者健康构成风险。数学风险模型（EDI、CDI、HQ、HI）仅估计 Cd（16%）和 Pb（8%）的摄入量较高时，超过了安全口服阈值。在高消耗某些植物后，由于累积暴露于 Cu、Cd、Hg 和 Pb，42%的样本被归类为潜在不安全。PCA 表明，与野生和农场种植的植物相比，商业采购的植物材料中 Cr、Ti 和 V 水平可能受到收获后加工的影响。此外，Pb-Bi、Be-V、Bi-Sn 和 Tl-Mo 的出现之间存在很强的相关性。本研究通过提供稳健的方法和相应的参考图谱，为植物性成分中必需元素和/或金属污染物的质量评估提供支持，可能有助于未来的研究。
