Tian Yuying, Deng Zhuoya, Yang Penghui
Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Oct 4;13:1008684. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1008684. eCollection 2022.
Infectious diseases have always threatened human life, but with the development of vaccines, effective strategies for preventing and controlling these diseases have become available. The global outbreak of COVID-19 ushered in the advent of mRNA vaccine technologies, which quickly led to the introduction of mRNA vaccines effective against SARS-CoV-2. The success of this approach has stimulated research into the use of mRNA vaccines in the fight against other emerging as well as remerging infectious diseases. This review examines the constructive strategies and delivery systems used in mRNA vaccines and provides an overview of current clinical trials of those vaccines in the prevention of infectious diseases. The underlying mechanisms of mRNA vaccines are also discussed, including the double-edged sword of the innate immune response. Finally, the challenges but also the potential of mRNA vaccines are considered.
传染病一直威胁着人类生命，但随着疫苗的发展，预防和控制这些疾病的有效策略已经出现。新冠疫情的全球爆发迎来了mRNA疫苗技术的问世，这迅速催生了针对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的有效mRNA疫苗。这种方法的成功激发了对mRNA疫苗用于对抗其他新出现和重新出现的传染病的研究。本综述探讨了mRNA疫苗中使用的构建策略和递送系统，并概述了这些疫苗目前在预防传染病方面的临床试验情况。还讨论了mRNA疫苗的潜在机制，包括先天免疫反应的双刃剑效应。最后，探讨了mRNA疫苗面临的挑战以及潜力。
