Yu Meng-Zhen, Wang Nan-Nan, Zhu Jia-Qing, Lin Yao-Xin
CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, People's Republic of China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol. 2023 Sep-Oct;15(5):e1894. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1894. Epub 2023 Apr 24.
Owing to the breakthroughs in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 pandemic, messenger RNA (mRNA)-based vaccines have emerged as promising alternatives to conventional vaccine approaches for infectious disease prevention and anticancer treatments. Advantages of mRNA vaccines include flexibility in designing and manipulating antigens of interest, scalability in rapid response to new variants, ability to induce both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, and ease of industrialization. This review article presents the latest advances and innovations in mRNA-based vaccines and their clinical translations in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases or cancers. We also highlight various nanoparticle delivery platforms that contribute to their success in clinical translation. Current challenges related to mRNA immunogenicity, stability, and in vivo delivery and the strategies for addressing them are also discussed. Finally, we provide our perspectives on future considerations and opportunities for applying mRNA vaccines to fight against major infectious diseases and cancers. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Lipid-Based Structures.
由于在新冠疫情防控方面取得的突破，基于信使核糖核酸（mRNA）的疫苗已成为预防传染病和进行抗癌治疗的传统疫苗方法的有前景的替代方案。mRNA疫苗的优势包括在设计和操控感兴趣的抗原方面具有灵活性、对新变种快速做出反应的可扩展性、诱导体液免疫和细胞介导免疫反应的能力以及易于工业化。这篇综述文章介绍了基于mRNA的疫苗的最新进展和创新及其在传染病或癌症预防与治疗中的临床转化。我们还强调了有助于其临床转化成功的各种纳米颗粒递送平台。还讨论了与mRNA免疫原性、稳定性、体内递送相关的当前挑战以及应对这些挑战的策略。最后，我们阐述了对未来应用mRNA疫苗对抗主要传染病和癌症的考虑因素与机遇的看法。本文分类如下：治疗方法与药物发现>新兴技术；治疗方法与药物发现>传染病纳米医学；仿生纳米材料>基于脂质的结构。
