Zheng Yuxin, Lang Shijuan, Liang Junjie, Jiang Yongchun, Zhao Biyi, Chen Hongxin, Huang Dongqing, Li Qinyi, Liu Huijin, Chen Shudi, Yilifate Anniwaer, Xu Fangqiu, Ou Haining, Lin Qiang
Department of Rehabilitation, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Rehabilitation, Fifth Clinical College, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Front Aging Neurosci. 2022 Oct 4;14:969822. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.969822. eCollection 2022.
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered a transitional stage between cognitive normality and dementia among the elderly, and its associated risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) is 10-15 times higher than that of the general population. MCI is an important threshold for the prevention and control of AD, and intervention in the MCI stage may be the most effective strategy to delay the occurrence of AD.
In this study, 68 subjects who met the inclusion criteria were divided into an MCI group (38 subjects) and normal elderly (NE) group (30 subjects). Both groups underwent clinical function assessments (cognitive function, walking function, and activities of daily living) and dual-task three-dimensional gait analysis (walking motor task and walking calculation task). Spatial-temporal parameters were obtained and reduced by principal component analysis, and the key biomechanical indexes were selected. The dual-task cost (DTC) was calculated for intra-group (task factor) and inter-group (group factor) comparisons.
The results of the principal component analysis showed that the cadence parameter had the highest weight in all three walking tasks. In addition, there were significant differences in the cadence both walking motor task (WMT) vs. walking task (WT) and walking calculation task (WCT) vs. WT in the MCI group. The cadence in the NE group only showed a significant difference between WMT and WT. The only differences between the MCI group and NE group was DTC cadence in WCT, and no differences were found for cadence in any of the three walking tasks.
The results show that dual tasks based on cognitive-motor gait analysis of DTC in MCI have potential value for application in early identification and provide theoretical support to improve the clinical diagnosis of MCI.
轻度认知障碍（MCI）被认为是老年人认知正常与痴呆之间的过渡阶段，其发展为阿尔茨海默病（AD）的相关风险比一般人群高10至15倍。MCI是预防和控制AD的重要阈值，在MCI阶段进行干预可能是延缓AD发生的最有效策略。
在本研究中，68名符合纳入标准的受试者被分为MCI组（38名受试者）和正常老年人（NE）组（30名受试者）。两组均接受临床功能评估（认知功能、步行功能和日常生活活动能力）以及双任务三维步态分析（步行运动任务和步行计算任务）。获取时空参数并通过主成分分析进行降维，选择关键生物力学指标。计算组内（任务因素）和组间（组因素）比较的双任务成本（DTC）。
主成分分析结果表明，步频参数在所有三个步行任务中的权重最高。此外，MCI组在步行运动任务（WMT）与步行任务（WT）以及步行计算任务（WCT）与WT之间的步频存在显著差异。NE组的步频仅在WMT和WT之间显示出显著差异。MCI组和NE组之间唯一的差异是WCT中的DTC步频，在三个步行任务中的任何一个任务的步频方面均未发现差异。
结果表明，基于MCI中DTC的认知 - 运动步态分析的双任务在早期识别中具有潜在应用价值，并为改善MCI的临床诊断提供理论支持。
