Wang Cenyi, Wang Bingqing, Liang Jiling, Niu Ziru, Lu Aming
School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
Graduate School, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Nov 21;11(23):3012. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11233012.
The application of multi-tasking (MT), especially dual-tasking (DT), in frail older adults is currently gaining attention. The aim was to review the application of the MT mode on cognition and lower limb function in frail older adults, including the MT test and MT training. By searching five electronic databases, Scopus, PubMed, PEDro, Web of Science and the Chinese electronic database, a total of 18 studies were finally included in this study, with 7 articles on MT testing and 11 articles on MT training. The results of the study showed that the current testing and training of MT is mainly based on the DT mode, with a wide variety of test types and protocols, as well as a variety of outcomes. The included studies suggested that DT can be used as a test to assess cognitive and lower limb function in the frail population and that an MT (DT) training program with an intervention period of ≥3 months or a duration of ≥60 min per session could improve cognitive and lower limb function in the frail population, thereby reducing the risk of falls. Further research is required to explore the effects of different types of MT and task prioritization in frail older adults.
多任务处理（MT），尤其是双重任务处理（DT）在体弱老年人中的应用目前正受到关注。目的是综述MT模式在体弱老年人认知和下肢功能方面的应用，包括MT测试和MT训练。通过检索Scopus、PubMed、PEDro、Web of Science这五个电子数据库以及中国电子数据库，本研究最终纳入18项研究，其中关于MT测试的文章有7篇，关于MT训练的文章有11篇。研究结果表明，目前MT的测试和训练主要基于DT模式，测试类型和方案多种多样，结果也各不相同。纳入的研究表明，DT可用作评估体弱人群认知和下肢功能的测试，且干预期≥3个月或每次训练时长≥60分钟的MT（DT）训练计划可改善体弱人群的认知和下肢功能，从而降低跌倒风险。需要进一步研究来探索不同类型的MT和任务优先级对体弱老年人的影响。
