Marek K, Kujawska A, Stasiów A, Stachura A, Goniewicz J
Med Pr. 1987;38(2):115-20.
In a group of 3,938 persons--pit miners of 3 coal mines--employed over 8 years, full-size X-ray pictures of the chest have been taken and through a special questionnaire information has been collected on the length of employment, workstation, risk of dustiness, exposure to fibrogenic dusts outside the mine. Basing on the studies, the mean annual incidence of pneumoconiosis in particular mines has been calculated. The data has been compared with the mean annual incidence rate of pneumoconiosis calculated for 10 years prior to epidemiological studies and based on the primary selection by means of small-size pictures. This comparison indicated that the full-size pictures revealed 3-7 times more pneumoconioses as compared to the hitherto applied system. The comparison of full-size and small-size X-ray pictures demonstrated that the lesions visible in full-size pictures have not been registered in small-size pictures in as many as half of the cases. The obtained results indicate that the effectiveness of the hitherto applied system of medical prevention of pneumoconiosis is insufficient. A change in this system is indispensable; miniature roentgenography should be replaced by full-size X-ray pictures.
在一组3938名人员（来自3个煤矿的井下矿工）中，对他们8年以上的工作情况进行了跟踪，拍摄了全尺寸胸部X光片，并通过一份特殊问卷收集了有关就业时长、工作岗位、粉尘风险、矿井外接触致纤维化粉尘等信息。基于这些研究，计算了各煤矿尘肺病的年平均发病率。这些数据与流行病学研究前10年通过小尺寸胸片初步筛选计算出的尘肺病年平均发病率进行了比较。这种比较表明，与迄今应用的系统相比，全尺寸胸片显示的尘肺病病例多出3至7倍。全尺寸和小尺寸X光片的比较表明，在多达一半的病例中，全尺寸胸片中可见的病变在小尺寸胸片中并未记录。所得结果表明，迄今应用的尘肺病医疗预防系统的有效性不足。必须改变这一系统；微型X线摄影应由全尺寸X光片取代。
